Menu Expand

Socio-Economic Inequalities in Life Expectancy and Health Expectancy at Age 50 and over in European Countries.

  1. Journals
  2. Society & Social Sciences
  3. Sozialer Fortschritt
  4. Vol. 68, Issue 4
  5. pp. 255–288

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Cite JOURNAL ARTICLE

Style
Mosquera, I., González-Rábago, Y., Martín, U., Bacigalupe, A. Socio-Economic Inequalities in Life Expectancy and Health Expectancy at Age 50 and over in European Countries.. . Insights for the Debate on Pension Policies. Sozialer Fortschritt, 68(4), 255-288. https://doi.org/10.3790/sfo.68.4.255
Mosquera, Isabel; González-Rábago, Yolanda; Martín, Unai and Bacigalupe, Amaia "Socio-Economic Inequalities in Life Expectancy and Health Expectancy at Age 50 and over in European Countries.. Insights for the Debate on Pension Policies. " Sozialer Fortschritt 68.4, , 255-288. https://doi.org/10.3790/sfo.68.4.255
Mosquera, Isabel/González-Rábago, Yolanda/Martín, Unai/Bacigalupe, Amaia: Socio-Economic Inequalities in Life Expectancy and Health Expectancy at Age 50 and over in European Countries., in: Sozialer Fortschritt, vol. 68, iss. 4, 255-288, [online] https://doi.org/10.3790/sfo.68.4.255
Format
Download

Socio-Economic Inequalities in Life Expectancy and Health Expectancy at Age 50 and over in European Countries.

Insights for the Debate on Pension Policies

Mosquera, Isabel | González-Rábago, Yolanda | Martín, Unai | Bacigalupe, Amaia

Sozialer Fortschritt, Vol. 68 (2019), Iss. 4 : pp. 255–288

7 Citations (CrossRef)

Preview Login to order (PDF)

Additional Information

Article Details

Publisher Name
Duncker & Humblot
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3790/sfo.68.4.255
Language
German
Pages
34
Keywords

Pricing

Individual
€ 18.00 (incl. local VAT if applicable)

Author Details

Mosquera, Isabel, Department of Sociology 2, OPIK - Research Group on Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change, Faculty of Social and Communication Sciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio de Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkai

González-Rábago, Yolanda, Department of Sociology 2, OPIK - Research Group on Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change, Faculty of Social and Communication Sciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio de Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa

Martín, Unai, Department of Sociology 2, OPIK - Research Group on Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change, Faculty of Social and Communication Sciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio de Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, S

Bacigalupe, Amaia, Department of Sociology 2, OPIK – Research Group on Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change, Faculty of Social and Communication Sciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio de Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizka

Cited By

  1. Income inequality in life expectancy and disability-free life expectancy in Denmark

    Brønnum-Hansen, Henrik | Foverskov, Else | Andersen, Ingelise

    Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, Vol. 75 (2021), Iss. 2 P.145

    https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2020-214108 [Citations: 15]

  2. Projecting years in good health between age 50–69 by education in the Netherlands until 2030 using several health indicators - an application in the context of a changing pension age

    Rubio Valverde, Jose R. | Mackenbach, Johan P. | De Waegenaere, Anja M. B. | Melenberg, Bertrand | Lyu, Pintao | Nusselder, Wilma J.

    BMC Public Health, Vol. 22 (2022), Iss. 1

    https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13223-8 [Citations: 6]

  3. Educational Inequalities in Life and Healthy Life Expectancies among the 50-Plus in Spain

    Solé-Auró, Aïda | Martín, Unai | Domínguez Rodríguez, Antía

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 17 (2020), Iss. 10 P.3558

    https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103558 [Citations: 24]

  4. Recent pension reforms in Europe: More challenges, new directions. An overview

    Hinrichs, Karl

    Social Policy & Administration, Vol. 55 (2021), Iss. 3 P.409

    https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12712 [Citations: 59]

  5. Pension Systems in the EU — Some Policy Issues

    Barslund, Mikkel

    Intereconomics, Vol. 55 (2020), Iss. 2 P.69

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10272-020-0873-5 [Citations: 1]

  6. Geopolitical Risk, Sustainability and “Cross-Border Spillovers” in Emerging Markets, Volume I

    Constitutional Political Economy Dimensions of Sovereign Debt Policy, Foreign Aid and the Politicization of Pension Funds and Sovereign Wealth Funds

    Nwogugu, Michael I. C.

    2021

    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71415-4_6 [Citations: 0]

  7. “Applying Intersectionality in designing and implementing health interventions: a scoping review”

    Ghasemi, Elham | Majdzadeh, Reza | Rajabi, Fatemeh | Vedadhir, AbouAli | Negarandeh, Reza | Jamshidi, Ensiyeh | Takian, Amirhossein | Faraji, Zahra

    BMC Public Health, Vol. 21 (2021), Iss. 1

    https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11449-6 [Citations: 49]

References

  1. Abdalla, S./ Kelleher, C./ Quirke, B./ Daly, L. (2013): Social inequalities in health expectancy and the contribution of mortality and morbidity: the case of Irish Travellers, Journal of Public Health, 35, 533 – 540.  Google Scholar
  2. Batljan, I./ Thorslund, M. (2009): The effect of change in educational composition on population ageing, European Journal of Ageing, 6, 191 – 200.  Google Scholar
  3. Blasco, I. (2013): Disfunciones en el sistema español de pensiones, in Pensiones. una reforma medular, 83 – 96, Fundación de Estudios Financieros.  Google Scholar
  4. Borrell, C./ Rohlfs, I./ Artazcoz, L./ Muntaner, C. (2004): Desigualdades en salud según la clase social en las mujeres. ¿Cómo influye el tipo de medida de la clase social?, Gaceta Sanitaria, 18, 75 – 82.  Google Scholar
  5. Brønnum-Hansen, H./ Baadsgaard, M./ Eriksen, M./ Andersen-Ranberg, K./ Jeune, B. (2015): Educational inequalities in health expectancy during the financial crisis in Denmark, International Journal of Public Health, 60, 927 – 935.  Google Scholar
  6. Burstrom, K./ Johannesson, M./ Diderichsen, F. (2005): Increasing socio-economic inequalities in life expectancy and QALYs in Sweden 1980 – 1997, Health Economics, 14, 831 – 850.  Google Scholar
  7. Cambois, E./ Laborde, C./ Romieu, I./ Robine, J. (2011): Occupational inequalities in health expectancies in France in the early 2000s: unequal chances of reaching and living retirement in good health, Demographic Research, 25, 407 – 435.  Google Scholar
  8. Cambois, E./ Robine, J. M. (2001): Apport des indicateurs d’espérance de vie sans incapacité à l’étude des inégalités sociales de santé, Santé Publique, 13, 137 – 149.  Google Scholar
  9. Cambois, E./ Robine, J. M./ Hayward, M. D. (2001): Social inequalities in disability-free life expectancy in the French male population, 1980 – 1991, Demography, 38, 513 – 524.  Google Scholar
  10. Dahl, E. (1991): Inequality in health and the class position of women – the Norwegian experience, Sociology of Health & Illness, 13, 492 – 505.  Google Scholar
  11. Eayres, D./ Williams, E. S. (2004): Evaluation of methodologies for small area life expectancy estimation, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 58, 243 – 249.  Google Scholar
  12. Eurostat (2017): Population structure and ageing, available at: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Population_structure_and_ageing) (19.02.2019).  Google Scholar
  13. Finnish Centre for Pensions. (2017): Retirement ages in member states, available at: www.etk.fi/en/the-pension-system-2/the-pension-system/international-comparison/retirement-ages/(19.02.2019).  Google Scholar
  14. Galobardes, B./ Shaw, M. / Lawlor, D. / Smith, G./ Lynch, J. (2006). Indicators of socioeconomic position, in Oakes, J. / Kaufman, J. (Eds.), Methods in social epidemiology, 47 – 85, San Francisco, USA, Jossey-Bass.  Google Scholar
  15. von Gaudecker, H./ Scholz, R. (2007): Differential mortality by lifetime earnings in Germany, Demographic Research, 17, 83 – 108.  Google Scholar
  16. Hu, Y./ van Lenthe, F. J./ Mackenbach, J. P. (2015): Income inequality, life expectancy and cause-specific mortality in 43 European countries, 1987 – 2008: a fixed effects study, European Journal of Epidemiology, 30, 615 – 625.  Google Scholar
  17. Jagger, C./ Matthews, R./ Melzer, D./ Matthews, F./ Brayne, C. (2007): Educational differences in the dynamics of disability incidence, recovery and mortality: findings from the MRC Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (MRC CFAS), International Journal of Epidemiology, 36, 358 – 365.  Google Scholar
  18. Kalediene, R./ Starkuviene, S./ Petrauskiene, J. (2008): Inequalities in life expectancy by education and socioeconomic transition in Lithuania, Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 44, 713 – 722.  Google Scholar
  19. Kibele, E./ Jasilionis, D./ Shkolnikov, V. (2013): Widening socioeconomic differences in mortality among men aged 65 years and older in Germany, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 67, 453 – 457.  Google Scholar
  20. Kinge, J./ Steingrimsdottir, O./ Moe, J./ Skirbekk, V./ Naess, O./ Strand, B. (2015): Educational differences in life expectancy over five decades among the oldest old in Norway, Age and Ageing, 44, 1040 – 1045.  Google Scholar
  21. Kulhánová, I./ Bacigalupe, A./ Eikemo, T. A./ Borrell, C./ Regidor, E./ Esnaola, S. et al. (2014): Why does Spain have smaller inequalities in mortality? An exploration of potential explanations, European Journal of Public Health, 24, 370 – 377.  Google Scholar
  22. Loichinger, E./ Weber, D. (2016): Trends in working life expectancy in Europe, Journal of Aging and Health, 28, 1194 – 1213.  Google Scholar
  23. Lundborg, P./ Lyttkens, C./ Nystedt, P. (2016): The effect of schooling on mortality: new evidence from 50,000 Swedish twins, Demography, 53, 1135 – 1168.  Google Scholar
  24. Mackenbach, J. P./ Menvielle, G./ Jasilionis, D./ de Gelder, R. (2015): Measuring educational inequalities in mortality, OECD Statistics working paper series, STD working paper No 66.  Google Scholar
  25. Majer, I./ Nusselder, W./ Mackenbach, J./ Kunst, A. (2011): Socioeconomic inequalities in life and health expectancies around official retirement age in 10 Western-European countries, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 65, 972 – 979.  Google Scholar
  26. Mäki, N. E./ Martikainen, P. T./ Eikemo, T./ Menvielle, G./ Lundberg, O./ Ostergren, O. et al. (2014): The potential for reducing differences in life expectancy between educational groups in five European countries: the effects of obesity, physical inactivity and smoking, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 68, 635 – 640.  Google Scholar
  27. Marmot, M. (2007): Achieving health equity: from root causes to fair outcomes, Lancet, 370, 1153 – 1163.  Google Scholar
  28. Martikainen, P. / Valkonen, T. (1999): Bias related to the exclusion of the economically inactive in studies on social class differences in mortality, International Journal of Epidemiology, 28, 899 – 904.  Google Scholar
  29. Martín, U. (2011): Salud y desigualdades sociales en la C.A. del País Vasco en el cambio de siglo: una visión desde las esperanzas de salud, Spain, available at: https://addi.ehu.es/bitstream/handle/10810/11328/Tesis%20Unai%20Martin.pdf?sequence=1.  Google Scholar
  30. Martín, U./ Bacigalupe, A./ Domínguez, A (2019): Desigualdades sociales en salud en población mayor: una aportación desde la Salud Pública al debate sobre el retraso de la edad de jubilación en España, Gaceta Sanitaria, 33, 82 – 84.  Google Scholar
  31. Martín, U./ Esnaola, S./ Pérez, Y./ Ruiz, R./ Aldasoro, E./ Calvo, M. (2007): Desigualdades socioeconómicas en las esperanzas de salud en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco, Inguruak, 44, 25 – 37.  Google Scholar
  32. Martínez-Sánchez, E./ Gutiérrez-Fisac, J. L./ Gispert, R./ Regidor, E. (2001): Educational differences in health expectancy in Madrid and Barcelona, Health Policy, 55, 227 – 231.  Google Scholar
  33. Matthews, R. J./ Jagger, C./ Hancock, R. M. (2006): Does socio-economic advantage lead to a longer, healthier old age?, Social Science and Medicine, 62, 2489 – 2499.  Google Scholar
  34. Melzer, D./ McWilliams, B./ Brayne, C./ Johnson, T./ Bond, J. (2000): Socioeconomic status and the expectation of disability in old age: estimates for England, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 54, 286 – 292.  Google Scholar
  35. Metcalf, P. A./ Scragg, R. R./ Schaaf, D./ Dyall, L./ Black, P. N./ Jackson, R. T. (2008): Comparison of different markers of socioeconomic status with cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk factors in the Diabetes, Heart and Health Survey, New Zealand Medical Journal, 121, 45 – 56.  Google Scholar
  36. Minicuci, N./ Noale, A. (2005): Influence of level of education on disability free life expectancy by sex: the ILSA study, Experimental Gerontology, 40, 997 – 1003.  Google Scholar
  37. Moe, J. O./ Steingrimsdottir, O. A./ Strand, B. H./ Naess, O. (2012): Trends in remaining life expectancy at retirement age (65 years) by educational level in Norway 1961 – 2009, Norsk Epidemiologi, 22, 85 – 94.  Google Scholar
  38. OECD (2017): Preventing ageing unequally – Action plan, meeting of the OECD Council at Ministerial Level, Paris, 7 – 8 June 2017.  Google Scholar
  39. van Raalte, A./ Myrskyla, M./ Martikainen, P. (2015): The role of smoking on mortality compression: an analysis of Finnish occupational social classes, 1971 – 2010, Demographic Research, 32, 589 – 620.  Google Scholar
  40. Robine, J. M./ Jagger, C./ Mathers, C. D./ Crimmins, E. M./ Suzman, R. M. (2003): Determining health expectancies, West Sussex, Wiley.  Google Scholar
  41. Shkolnikov, V. M./ Andreev, E. M./ Jasilionis, D./ Leinsalu, M./ Antonova, O. I./ McKee, M. (2006): The changing relation between education and life expectancy in central and eastern Europe in the 1990s, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 60, 875 – 881.  Google Scholar
  42. Shkolnikov, V. M./ Scholz, R./ Jdanov, D./ Stegmann, M./ von Gaudecker, H. (2008): Length of life and the pensions of five million retired German men, European Journal of Public Health, 18, 264 – 269.  Google Scholar
  43. Sinclair, D./ Moore, K./ Franklin, B. (2014): Linking state pension age to longevity. Tackling the fairness challenge, ILC-UK.  Google Scholar
  44. Smith, M./ Olatunde, O./ White, C. (2010): Inequalities in disability-free life expectancy by area deprivation: England, 2001 – 04 and 2005 – 08, Health Statistics Quarterly 48.  Google Scholar
  45. Spoerri, A./ Schmidlin, K./ Richter, M./ Egger, M./ Clough-Gorr, K. (2014): Individual and spousal education, mortality and life expectancy in Switzerland: a national cohort study, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 68, 804 – 810.  Google Scholar
  46. Spoerri, A./ Zwahlen, M./ Egger, M./ Gutzwiller, F./ Minder, C./ Bopp, M. (2006): Educational inequalities in life expectancy in German speaking part of Switzerland 1990 – 1997: Swiss National Cohort, Swiss Medical Weekly, 136, 145 – 148.  Google Scholar
  47. Starfield, B. (2007): Pathways of influence on equity in health, Social Science and Medicine, 64, 1355 – 1362.  Google Scholar
  48. Uitenbroek, D.G. (2015a): Mortality trends among migrant groups living in Amsterdam, BMC Public Health, 15, 1187.  Google Scholar
  49. Uitenbroek, D.G. (2015b): Use of the life table to compare mortality in ethnic groups in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, BMC Public Health, 15, 825.  Google Scholar
  50. Uitenbroek, D.G./ Verhoeff, A. P. (2002): Life expectancy and mortality differences between migrant groups living in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Social Science and Medicine, 54, 1379 – 1388.  Google Scholar
  51. Wohland, P./ Rees, P./ Gillies, C./ Alvanides, S./ Matthews, F. E./ O’Neill, V. et al. (2014): Drivers of inequality in disability-free expectancy at birth and age 85 across space and time in Great Britain, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 68, 826 – 833.  Google Scholar
  52. Zarulli, V./ Jasilionis, D./ Jdanov, D. (2012): Changes in educational differentials in old-age mortality in Finland and Sweden between 1971 – 1975 and 1996 – 2000, Demographic Research, 26, 489 – 509.  Google Scholar

Abstract

Abstract

Based on the demographic ageing, many European governments have modified the statutory retirement age. However, in general, life expectancy (LE) and health expectancy (HE) are not uniformly distributed, being both lower among the least advantaged groups. Thus, a systematic search and review of the literature has been conducted to identify socioeconomic inequalities in LE and HE at age 50 and over in European countries. Twenty-nine studies were included in the review. Across Europe, people in a more advantaged position can expect to live longer, more years in good health and less in bad health, and therefore a lower percentage of their lives in bad health.

Zusammenfassung: Sozioökonomische Ungleichheiten in der Lebens- und Gesundheitserwartung im Alter von 50 und älter in Europäischen Ländern. Erkenntnisse für die Debatte der Rentenpolitik

Vor dem Hintergrund der demographischen Alterung haben viele europäische Regierungen das Renteneintrittsalter modifiziert. Allerdings sind Lebensund Gesundheitserwartungen nicht gleichmäßig verteilt, sondern sind in benachteiligten Bevölkerungsgruppen niedriger. Um sozioökonomische Ungleichheiten in der Lebens- und Gesundheitserwartung von Individuen im Alter von 50 Jahren und älter zu betrachten, wurde eine systematische Suche und Begutachtung der Literatur in den europäischen Ländern durchgeführt. Es wurden 29 Studien in der Begutachtung miteinbezogen. Es zeigt sich, dass Individuen in vorteilhaften Positionen erwarten können länger zu leben, länger gesund zu sein und weniger häufig einen schlechten Gesundheitszustand aufweisen, was der Grund dafür ist, dass sie auch einen geringeren Anteil ihrer Lebenszeit in schlechter Gesundheit verbringen.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Isabel Mosquera et al.: Socio-Economic Inequalities in Life Expectancy and Health Expectancy at Age 50 and over in European Countries. Insights for the Debate on Pension Policies 1
Abstract 1
Zusammenfassung: Sozioökonomische Ungleichheiten in der Lebens- und Gesundheitserwartung im Alter von 50 und älter in Europäischen Ländern. Erkenntnisse für die Debatte der Rentenpolitik 1
1. Introduction 2
2. Method 3
3. Results 4
4.1 Nordic Countries 5
Table 1: Inequalities (Absolute Differences between Extreme Groups in Years) in LE at Age 50 and 65, and DFLE at Age 65 by Education in Europe. 6
4.2 United Kingdom and Ireland 9
4.3 Continental Europe 1
4.4 Mediterranean Countries 1
4.5 Western Balkans, Central and Eastern Europe 1
4.6 Former Soviet Union 1
5. Discussion 1
References 1
Appendix 2
Appendix 1: Search Strategy Used in the Search in Embase 2
Appendix 2: Table of Included Studies 2

Contact

Duncker & Humblot GmbH Carl-Heinrich-Becker-Weg 9 12165 Berlin, Deutschland T: +49 30 790006-0

Quick Navigation

2024 Duncker & Humblot GmbH

Powered by CloudPublish

We use cookies to ensure that you get the best experience on our website. Learn more about how we use cookies.