Human Dignity and Criminal Law
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Hilgendorf, E., Kremnitzer, M. (Eds.) (2018). Human Dignity and Criminal Law. Würzburg Conference on Human Dignity, Human Rights and Criminal Law in Israel and Germany, July 20–22, 2015. Duncker & Humblot. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-55365-5
Hilgendorf, Eric and Kremnitzer, Mordechai. Human Dignity and Criminal Law: Würzburg Conference on Human Dignity, Human Rights and Criminal Law in Israel and Germany, July 20–22, 2015. Duncker & Humblot, 2018. Book. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-55365-5
Hilgendorf, E, Kremnitzer, M (eds.) (2018): Human Dignity and Criminal Law: Würzburg Conference on Human Dignity, Human Rights and Criminal Law in Israel and Germany, July 20–22, 2015, Duncker & Humblot, [online] https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-55365-5
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Human Dignity and Criminal Law
Würzburg Conference on Human Dignity, Human Rights and Criminal Law in Israel and Germany, July 20–22, 2015
Editors: Hilgendorf, Eric | Kremnitzer, Mordechai
Schriften zum Strafrechtsvergleich, Vol. 4
(2018)
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About The Author
Mordechai Kremnitzer wurde in Fürth (Deutschland) geboren, studierte Rechtswissenschaften an der Hebrew Universität in Jerusalem und promovierte im Jahr 1981. In den Jahren 1970–1977 diente er in den israelischen Streitkräften, u.a. als stellvertretender Leiter der Staatsanwaltschaft und Militärrichter. Professor Kremnitzer ist emeritierter Professor der Juristischen Fakultät der Hebrew Universität Jerusalem, ehemaliger Dekan der Fakultät für Rechtswissenschaften und Direktor des israelischen Presserates. Er diente in mehreren Regierungsausschüssen, darunter dem Ausschuss zur Untersuchung von Gewaltanwendung durch die Polizei, dem Gremium für politische Bildung in Israel, dem Gremium zur Frage der Strafbarkeit im öffentlichen Dienst, dem Untersuchungsausschuss zur Frage der Verurteilung auf Grundlage von Geständnissen und Wiederaufnahmeverfahren sowie der Kommission zur Überprüfung der Strafrechtspolitik und der Behandlung von Strafgefangenen. Prof. Kremnitzer ist stellvertretender Präsident des »Israel Democratic Institute«.Abstract
Konzepte wie »Menschenwürde« und »Menschenrechte« sind zentrale Pfeiler eines demokratischen Rechtsstaats. Dem Schutz vor Beeinträchtigungen dieser Rechte dient nicht zuletzt das Strafrecht. Der Sammelband befasst sich mit grundlegenden Rechtsfragen im Zusammenhang von Menschenrechten und individueller Menschenwürde mit besonderem Augenmerk auf das Strafrecht und Strafvollzugsrecht. Experten und Juristen aus Deutschland und Israel analysieren Bedeutung und Reichweite dieser Konzepte aus unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln. Der in englischer Sprache abgefasste Band ist das Ergebnis einer deutsch-israelischen Tagung aus dem Sommer 2015.This anthology examines the fundamental legal issues of human rights and human dignity within the context of a comparison of German and Israeli (criminal) law. The scope and importance of human dignity and human rights in the legal systems of both countries are explored and their influence on the criminal legal policies of the respective countries is detailed.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foreword | 5 | ||
| Inhaltsverzeichnis | 9 | ||
| Josef Schuster: Welcoming Address | 11 | ||
| Izhak Englard: Law and Human Dignity | 15 | ||
| Basic Principles | 21 | ||
| Purpose | 22 | ||
| Preservation of Life, Body and Dignity | 22 | ||
| Protection of Property | 22 | ||
| Protection of Life, Body and Dignity | 22 | ||
| Personal Liberty | 22 | ||
| Leaving and Entering Israel | 22 | ||
| Privacy | 22 | ||
| Violation of Rights | 22 | ||
| Reservation Regarding Security Forces | 22 | ||
| Validity of Laws | 23 | ||
| Application | 23 | ||
| Stability | 23 | ||
| Yoram Danziger: Freedom of Political Expression, the Right to Equality and Political Boycotts in Israel | 27 | ||
| I. Introduction | 27 | ||
| II. The Role of a Constitutional Court in a Democracy | 29 | ||
| III. The Historical Background | 30 | ||
| IV. The Israeli Boycott Law | 32 | ||
| V. The Israeli Supreme Court Decision in Respect of the Boycott Law | 34 | ||
| Eric Hilgendorf: The Abuse of Human Dignity – Difficulties in Using the Human Dignity Topos Taking the Bio-Ethics Debate as an Example | 39 | ||
| I. Introduction | 39 | ||
| II. Human Dignity of the Individual vs View of the Nature of Mankind | 41 | ||
| III. The Prohibition of the Instrumentalization of Human Beings and Its Shortcomings | 43 | ||
| 1. Vagueness of the Concept Itself | 44 | ||
| 2. Human Dignity and “Instrumentalization” | 45 | ||
| 3. The Object Formula Definition as a ˋPasse-partout' | 48 | ||
| 4. Human Dignity and the Intrinsic Value of Man | 49 | ||
| IV. The Ensemble Theory of Human Dignity | 50 | ||
| 1. Human Dignity as a Collection of Subjective Rights | 50 | ||
| 2. Consequences and Implications of the Ensemble Theory | 52 | ||
| 3. The Ensemble Theory and Genetic Engineering | 54 | ||
| V. Bearers of Human Dignity | 55 | ||
| VI. Human Dignity and the Postulate of Value Freedom | 58 | ||
| VII. Conclusion | 59 | ||
| Barak Medina: The Israeli Supreme Court's Jurisprudence on the Right to Equal Treatment: Competing Views About the Role of Judicial Review | 61 | ||
| I. Introduction | 61 | ||
| II. Constitutional Law and the Political Process | 64 | ||
| III. Expanding the Antidiscrimination Doctrine in Israel | 68 | ||
| IV. Socio-political Explanation of the Doctrinal Shift | 73 | ||
| V. Regulating Institutional and Procedural Matters Through Human Rights Law | 74 | ||
| Stefanie Schmahl: Human Dignity in International Human Rights, Humanitarian and International Criminal Law: A Comparative Approach | 79 | ||
| I. Introduction | 79 | ||
| II. Human Dignity in International Human Rights Law | 80 | ||
| 1. The Emergence of International Human Rights Protection | 80 | ||
| 2. Human Dignity as an Absolute Right and as a Peremptory Norm of International Human Rights Law | 82 | ||
| 3. Preeminence of Human Dignity Within the Human Rights Arena | 87 | ||
| 4. Accountability for Violations of Human Dignity in Human Rights Law | 89 | ||
| III. Human Dignity in International Humanitarian Law | 90 | ||
| 1. The Definition and Scope of International Humanitarian Law | 90 | ||
| 2. Collection of Norms Protecting Human Dignity in Armed Conflicts | 91 | ||
| 3. Accountability for Violations of Human Dignity in International Humanitarian Law | 92 | ||
| IV. Increasing Interplay of the Approaches to Human Dignity in International Human Rights and Humanitarian Law | 93 | ||
| 1. Transformation of the Shape of Today's Armed Conflicts | 93 | ||
| 2. The Substantial and Growing Impact of Human Rights Protection in Armed Conflicts | 94 | ||
| 3. New Trends of Accountability in Armed Conflicts | 97 | ||
| V. Human Dignity in International Criminal Law | 101 | ||
| VI. Conclusion | 105 | ||
| Kyrill-A. Schwarz: Human Dignity and Freedom of Religion | 107 | ||
| I. Introduction | 107 | ||
| II. Human Dignity and Basic Rights | 108 | ||
| 1. The Content of Human Dignity in the Basic Rights | 108 | ||
| 2. The Deduction of Basic Rights from Human Dignity | 110 | ||
| III. Freedom of Religion as Concretised Human Dignity? | 110 | ||
| IV. The Consequences of the Freedom of Religion as a Concrete Expression of Human Dignity | 112 | ||
| V. Conclusion | 115 | ||
| Mordechai Kremnitzer and Lina Saba-Habesch: Human Dignity and the Right to Due Process | 117 | ||
| I. Human Dignity in Israeli Law and Due Process | 117 | ||
| II. Balancing as the Solution for Clashes Between the Right to Due Process and Other Public Interests | 118 | ||
| 1. How Should Due Process Rights be Protected? | 118 | ||
| 2. Intensified Biases | 119 | ||
| 3. Additional Considerations Regarding the Need for Special Protection of Due Process | 121 | ||
| III. The Slippery Slope Syndrome | 122 | ||
| IV. The Right of the Accused to “Self-Defense” in Criminal Proceedings | 123 | ||
| 1. The Ability to Defend Oneself as a Basic Core of Due Process | 123 | ||
| 2. The Inability to Defend Oneself as a Humiliation and Injury to Human Dignity | 124 | ||
| V. Due Process in International Law | 126 | ||
| VI. The Right of the Suspect to Know the Allegations Against Him | 128 | ||
| 1. Administrative Detention in Israel | 130 | ||
| 2. Models for Dealing with Secret Evidence and Their Effect on the “Gist” | 131 | ||
| VII. The Suspects Presence at Hearings | 133 | ||
| 1. Detainee Presence in Court in Israel | 133 | ||
| 2. The Ticking Bomb Scenario | 136 | ||
| VIII. Conclusion | 138 | ||
| Frank Peter Schuster: Human Dignity, Human Rights and Criminal Procedure – The German Perspective | 139 | ||
| I. Introduction | 139 | ||
| II. Mechanisms for Human Rights Protection in Criminal Procedure | 140 | ||
| 1. National Level | 140 | ||
| 2. Supranational Level | 141 | ||
| a) The European Convention on Human Rights | 141 | ||
| b) Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union | 142 | ||
| 3. Intermediate Result | 143 | ||
| III. Human Dignity in Criminal Procedure | 144 | ||
| 1. The Right Against Compulsory Self-Incrimination | 144 | ||
| a) The Right to Silence and Prohibited Methods of Examination | 146 | ||
| b) The Question of Negative Inferences from the Accused's Silence | 147 | ||
| c) Indirect Self-Incrimination | 149 | ||
| 2. The Right Against Nonverbal Self-Incrimination | 151 | ||
| 3. Confidentiality of Data and Private Conversations | 152 | ||
| a) Search and Confiscation of Private Diaries | 152 | ||
| b) Interception of Telecommunications and Other Forms of Speech | 153 | ||
| IV. Summary and Conclusions | 154 | ||
| Miriam Gur-Arye: Human Dignity, Human Rights and the Criminal Law – The Israeli Perspective | 157 | ||
| I. Introduction | 157 | ||
| II. Does Every Criminal Law Prohibition Necessarily Restrict Human Rights? | 158 | ||
| III. Criminal Law Provision that Deviates from the Principle of Culpability | 162 | ||
| IV. Private Possession of Child Pornography | 165 | ||
| V. Concluding Remarks | 169 | ||
| Susanne Beck: Human Dignity, Human Rights and Criminal Law – The German Perspective | 171 | ||
| I. Introduction | 171 | ||
| II. The German Perspective | 172 | ||
| III. Human Dignity and Human Rights/Basic Rights | 175 | ||
| IV. Criminal Law – Realisation of Human Dignity and Basic Rights | 178 | ||
| 1. The Offender's Dignity and Basic Rights | 178 | ||
| a) Human Dignity of the Offender | 178 | ||
| b) Basic Rights of the Offender | 184 | ||
| 2. The Victim's Dignity and Basic Rights | 186 | ||
| 3. Society – Dignity of Humanity and the Foundations of Basic Rights | 189 | ||
| V. Conclusion | 190 | ||
| Rachela Er'el and Doron Shultziner: Human Dignity and the Prison System | 191 | ||
| I. Introduction | 191 | ||
| II. Human Dignity and the Prison System in International Law | 195 | ||
| III. What is Human Dignity in the Context of Prisons? | 198 | ||
| IV. The Legal Status of Prisoners' Rights in Israel | 200 | ||
| V. The Prison Authorities Regulations: Rules, Practices and Human Dignity | 204 | ||
| VI. Prisoners as Helpless People and the Right to Rehabilitation | 212 | ||
| VII. Prisoners' Rights in Germany | 214 | ||
| VIII. Conclusion | 218 | ||
| List of Authors | 221 |