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Sharing is Caring: Transboundary Hydrocarbon Deposits on the Continental Shelf

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Kunoy, B. Sharing is Caring: Transboundary Hydrocarbon Deposits on the Continental Shelf. German Yearbook of International Law, 62(1), 431-474. https://doi.org/10.3790/gyil.62.1.431
Kunoy, Bjørn "Sharing is Caring: Transboundary Hydrocarbon Deposits on the Continental Shelf" German Yearbook of International Law 62.1, 2021, 431-474. https://doi.org/10.3790/gyil.62.1.431
Kunoy, Bjørn (2021): Sharing is Caring: Transboundary Hydrocarbon Deposits on the Continental Shelf, in: German Yearbook of International Law, vol. 62, iss. 1, 431-474, [online] https://doi.org/10.3790/gyil.62.1.431

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Sharing is Caring: Transboundary Hydrocarbon Deposits on the Continental Shelf

Kunoy, Bjørn

German Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 62 (2019), Iss. 1 : pp. 431–474

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Bjørn Kunoy, Adjunct Professor of International Law, University of the Faroe Islands.

Abstract

The sovereign and exclusive rights of States to explore the continental shelf and exploit its resources implies an unfettered right to exclude any exploitation by a third State of hydrocarbons that are located on its continental shelf. Yet, these rights do not allow impairment to the sovereign and exclusive rights of third States to exploit resources that extend onto their continental shelves. State practice demonstrates multiple definitions of hydrocarbon deposits implying that the decision of whether a hydrocarbon deposit is transboundary may vary depending on the relevant treaty provision. State practice also indicates heterogeneous procedural and substantive approaches to the commencement of transboundary hydrocarbon deposits exploitation. These differences have substantive implications relevant to the determination of the constitutive elements of transboundary hydrocarbon deposits and for the circumstances under which a transboundary hydrocarbon deposit can operate under customary international law.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Bjørn Kunoy\nSharing is Caring: Transboundary Hydrocarbon Deposits on the Continental Shelf 431
I. Introduction 431
II. Definition of Transboundary Hydrocarbon Deposits in Bilateral Agreements 435
A. Common State Practice in Transboundary Hydrocarbon Unitisation Clauses 436
B. Recent State Practice in the Nordic Region 431
III. Procedural Aspects 431
A. Bilateral Treaty Practice 431
B. General International Law 432
IV. Substantive Aspects in Regard to Scope of Rights in Dead-Locked Situations 432
A. Practice in Bilateral Treaties 432
B. General International Law 433
V. Conclusion 434