Die mosaische Alternative: politische Theorie und judäisch-hellenistischer Universalismus

Abstract

The present historical and theoretical study focuses on the Judeo-Hellenistic historian and political theorist Josephus (Flavius) in imperial Rome. Josephus aligns himself with Rome during the Judeo-Roman War (66 – 70 AD) and establishes himself as a Judeo-Roman citizen. His works, particularly the depiction of the Jewish-Roman War, form the basis of his renown. Following the departure of his patrons, he writes the History of the Jews (93/94 AD), emphasizing the foundational role of Mosaic legislation in Jewish history. Josephus’ Hellenization of the Judean narrative allows him to define a universal political crisis. In his third book (98/100 AD), he reconceptualizes Mosaic legislation as a philosophical theology with a universally binding claim, following the principles of Plato. Divine providence makes it a matter for all of humanity, constituting unity under the law of divine rule.