Menu Expand

The Non-Standard Monetary Policy Measures of the ECB: Motivations, Effectiveness and Risks

Cite JOURNAL ARTICLE

Style

Neri, S., Siviero, S. The Non-Standard Monetary Policy Measures of the ECB: Motivations, Effectiveness and Risks. Credit and Capital Markets – Kredit und Kapital, 51(4), 513-560. https://doi.org/10.3790/ccm.51.4.513
Neri, Stefano and Siviero, Stefano "The Non-Standard Monetary Policy Measures of the ECB: Motivations, Effectiveness and Risks" Credit and Capital Markets – Kredit und Kapital 51.4, 2018, 513-560. https://doi.org/10.3790/ccm.51.4.513
Neri, Stefano/Siviero, Stefano (2018): The Non-Standard Monetary Policy Measures of the ECB: Motivations, Effectiveness and Risks, in: Credit and Capital Markets – Kredit und Kapital, vol. 51, iss. 4, 513-560, [online] https://doi.org/10.3790/ccm.51.4.513

Format

The Non-Standard Monetary Policy Measures of the ECB: Motivations, Effectiveness and Risks

Neri, Stefano | Siviero, Stefano

Credit and Capital Markets – Kredit und Kapital, Vol. 51 (2018), Iss. 4 : pp. 513–560

11 Citations (CrossRef)

Additional Information

Article Details

Author Details

Bank of Italy, Economic Outlook and Monetary Policy Directorate. E-mail: stefano.neri@bancaditalia.it

Bank of Italy, Economic Outlook and Monetary Policy Directorate. E-mail: stefano.siviero@bancaditalia.it

Cited By

  1. The ECB's asset purchase programme: Theory, effects, and risks

    Benigno, Pierpaolo | Canofari, Paolo | Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni | Messori, Marcello

    Journal of Economic Surveys, Vol. 37 (2023), Iss. 3 P.890

    https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12521 [Citations: 8]
  2. Sudden Stops and Asset Purchase Programmes in the Euro Area

    Fabiani, Josefina | Fidora, Michael | Setzer, Ralph | Westphal, Andreas | Zorell, Nico

    Credit and Capital Markets – Kredit und Kapital, Vol. 54 (2021), Iss. 3 P.375

    https://doi.org/10.3790/ccm.54.3.375 [Citations: 0]
  3. There Has Been an Awakening. The Rise (and fall) of Inflation in the Euro Area

    Neri, Stefano

    SSRN Electronic Journal, Vol. (2024), Iss.

    https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4849727 [Citations: 0]
  4. MONETARY POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK IN THE CONTEXT OF COUNTERACTION TO CRISES IN THE FINANCIAL MARKET

    DZIUBLIUK, Oleksandr

    WORLD OF FINANCE, Vol. (2023), Iss. 2(75) P.08

    https://doi.org/10.35774/sf2023.02.008 [Citations: 0]
  5. An assessment of the impact of the PSPP on Spanish public bonds

    Izquierdo-Cervera, Enrique | Sogorb-Mira, Francisco

    Studies in Economics and Finance, Vol. 40 (2023), Iss. 5 P.971

    https://doi.org/10.1108/SEF-02-2023-0073 [Citations: 0]
  6. The European Monetary Policy Responses During the Pandemic Crisis

    Benigno, Pierpaolo | Canofari, Paolo | Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni | Messori, Marcello

    Open Economies Review, Vol. 33 (2022), Iss. 4 P.657

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11079-022-09665-7 [Citations: 5]
  7. Monetary Policy Implementation

    The European Central Bank: Twenty-five Years of Single Monetary Policy in the Euro Area

    Baglioni, Angelo

    2024

    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53885-8_4 [Citations: 0]
  8. A Short Note on Interest Rates and Household Wealth

    De Bonis, Riccardo | Marinucci, Marco

    Italian Economic Journal, Vol. 9 (2023), Iss. 2 P.617

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s40797-022-00194-3 [Citations: 0]
  9. Quantitative Easing, Accounting and Prudential Frameworks, and Bank Lending

    Orame, Andrea | Ramcharan, Rodney | Robatto, Roberto

    SSRN Electronic Journal, Vol. (2023), Iss.

    https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4535703 [Citations: 0]
  10. Quantitative Easing, Accounting and Prudential Frameworks, and Bank Lending

    Orame, Andrea | Ramcharan, Rodney | Robatto, Roberto

    SSRN Electronic Journal, Vol. (2024), Iss.

    https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4848908 [Citations: 0]
  11. Sovereign Debt Crisis, Fiscal Consolidation, and Active Central Bankers in a Monetary Union

    Canofari, Paolo | Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni | Messori, Marcello

    The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, Vol. 23 (2023), Iss. 1 P.151

    https://doi.org/10.1515/bejm-2022-0038 [Citations: 2]

References

  1. Albertazzi, U./Becker, B./Boucinha, M. (2018): Portfolio rebalancing and the transmission of large-scale asset programmes: evidence from the euro area, ECB Working Paper No. 2125.  Google Scholar
  2. Albertazzi, U./Bottero, M. (2014): Foreign bank lending: evidence from the global financial crisis, Journal of International Economics, Vol. 92, pp. S22–S35.  Google Scholar
  3. Albertazzi, U./Nobili, A./Signoretti, F. M. (2016): The bank lending channel of conventional and unconventional monetary policy”, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1094.  Google Scholar
  4. Altavilla, C./Boucinha, M./Peydro, J. L. (2017): Monetary policy and bank profitability in a low interest rate environment, ECB Working Paper No. 2105.  Google Scholar
  5. Altavilla, R./Carboni, C./Motto, R. (2015): Asset purchase programmes and financial markets: lessons from the euro area, ECB Working Paper No. 1864.  Google Scholar
  6. Alvarez, I./Casavecchia, F./De Luca, M./Duering, A./Eser, F./Helmus, C./Hemous, C./Herrala, N./Jakovick, J./Lo Russo, M./Pasqualone, F./Rubens, M./Soares, R./Zennaro, F. (2017): The use of the Eurosystem’s monetary policy instruments and operational framework since 2012, ECB Occasional Paper No. 188.  Google Scholar
  7. Andrade, P./Breckenfelder, J./De Fiore, F./Karadi, P./Tristani, O. (2016): The ECB’s asset purchase programme: An early assessment, ECB Working Paper No. 1956.  Google Scholar
  8. Auer, R./Borio, C./Filardo, A. (2017): The globalization of inflation: the growing importance of global value chains, BIS Working paper No. 602.  Google Scholar
  9. Ball, L./Mazumder, S. (2011): Inflation dynamics and the Great Recession, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. 42, pp. 337–405.  Google Scholar
  10. Banca d’Italia (2013): The sovereign debt crisis and the euro area, Papers presented at the workshop held at the Bank of Italy on 15 February.  Google Scholar
  11. Banca d’Italia (2018): 2017 Annual Report, 29 May.  Google Scholar
  12. Bank for International Settlements (2018): Annual economic report, June.  Google Scholar
  13. Bartocci, A./Burlon, L./Notarpietro, A./Pisani, M. (2017): Macroeconomic effects of non-standard monetary policy measures in the euro area: the role of corporate bond purchases, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1136.  Google Scholar
  14. Belke, A./Gros, D./Osowski, T. (2017): The effectiveness of the Fed’s quantitative easing policy: New evidence based on international interest rate differentials, Journal of International Money and Finance, Vol. 73, pp. 335–349.  Google Scholar
  15. Bereau, S./Faubert, V./Schmidt, K. (2018): Explaining and forecasting euro area inflation: the role of domestic and global factors, Banque de France Working Paper No. 663.  Google Scholar
  16. Bianchi, F./Civelli, A. (2015): Globalization and Inflation: Evidence from a Time-Varying VAR, Review of Economic Dynamics, Vol. 18, 2, pp. 406–33.  Google Scholar
  17. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (2011): FOMC Minutes, June 21–22 (https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomcminutes20110622.htm).  Google Scholar
  18. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (2014): Policy Normalization Principles and Plans (https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/files/FOMC_PolicyNormalization.pdf).  Google Scholar
  19. Bobeica, E./Jarociński, M. (2018): Missing disinflation and missing inflation: a VAR perspective, International Journal of Central Banking, forthcoming.  Google Scholar
  20. Bonaccorsi di Patti, E./Sette, E. (2016): Did the securitization market freeze affect bank lending during the financial crisis? Evidence from a credit register, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Vol. 25, pp. 54–76.  Google Scholar
  21. Borio, C. (2014): The financial cycle and macroeconomics: What have we learnt?, Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 45, pp. 182–198.  Google Scholar
  22. Brainard, W. C. (1967): Uncertainty and the Effectiveness of Policy, American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, Vol. 57, pp. 411–425.  Google Scholar
  23. Bulligan, G. (2018): The effect of the Eurosystem’s expanded Asset Purchase Programme on inflation expectations: evidence from the ECB Survey of Professional Forecasters., Banca d’Italia Occasional paper, forthcoming.  Google Scholar
  24. Bulligan, G./Delle Monache, D. (2018): Financial markets effects of ECB unconventional monetary policy announcements, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 424.  Google Scholar
  25. Bundesbank (2016a): The macroeconomic impact of quantitative easing in the euro area, Monthly Bulleting, June, pp. 29–54.  Google Scholar
  26. Bundesbank (2016b): Distributional effects of monetary policy, Monthly Bulletin, September, pp. 15–38.  Google Scholar
  27. Bundesbank (2017a): The Eurosystem’s bond purchases and the exchange rate of the euro, Monthly Bulletin, January, pp. 13–40.  Google Scholar
  28. Bundesbank (2017b): The natural rate of interest, Monthly Bulletin, October, pp. 35–38.  Google Scholar
  29. Burlon, L./Gerali, A./Notarpietro, A./Pisani, M. (2015): Inflation, financial conditions and non-standard monetary policy in a monetary union. A model-based evaluation, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1015.  Google Scholar
  30. Burlon, L./Gerali, A./Notarpietro, A./Pisani, M. (2016): Non-Standard Monetary Policy, Asset Prices and Macroprudential Policy in a Monetary Union, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1089.  Google Scholar
  31. Busetti, F./Caivano, M. (2017): Low frequency drivers of the real interest rate: A band spectrum regression approach, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1132.  Google Scholar
  32. Busetti, F./Caivano, M./Rodano, L. (2015): On the Conditional Distribution of Euro Area Inflation Forecast, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1027.  Google Scholar
  33. Busetti, F./Cova, P. (2013): The macroeconomic impact of the sovereign debt crisis: A counterfactual analysis for the Italian economy, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 201.  Google Scholar
  34. Busetti, F./Delle Monache, D./Gerali, A./Locarno, A. (2017): Trust, but verify. De-anchoring of inflation expectations under learning and heterogeneity, ECB Working Paper No. 1994.  Google Scholar
  35. Caivano, M./Rodano, L./Siviero, S. (2011): La trasmissione della crisi finanziaria globale all’economia italiana. Un’indagine controfattuale, 2008–2010, Giornale degli Economisti e Annali di Economia, Vol. 70, pp. 1–32.  Google Scholar
  36. Carriero, A./Corsello, F./Marcellino, M. (2018): The global component of inflation volatility, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1170.  Google Scholar
  37. Casiraghi, M./Ferrero, G. (2015): Is deflation good or bad? Just mind the inflation gap, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 268.  Google Scholar
  38. Casiraghi, M./Gaiotti, E./Rodano, L./Secchi, S. (2016): ECB unconventional monetary policy and the Italian economy during the sovereign debt crisis”, International Journal of Central Banking, Vol. 12, pp. 269–315.  Google Scholar
  39. Casiraghi, M./Gaiotti, E./Rodano, L./Secchi, S. (2018): A “reverse Robin Hood”? The distributional implications of non-standard monetary policy for Italian households, Journal of International Money and Finance, Vol. 85, pp. 215–235.  Google Scholar
  40. Casiraghi, M./Miccoli, M. (2015): Risk-adjusted forecasts of inflation, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 286.  Google Scholar
  41. Cecchetti, S. (2017): A quantitative analysis of the risk premia in the corporate bond market, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1141.  Google Scholar
  42. Cecchetti, S./Natoli, F./Sigalotti, L. (2015): Tail comovement in option-implied inflation expectations as an indicator of anchoring, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1025.  Google Scholar
  43. Cecchetti, S./Taboga, M. (2017): Assessing the risks of asset overvaluation: models and challenges, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1114.  Google Scholar
  44. Cecioni, M. (2018) ECB monetary policy and the euro exchange rate, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1172.  Google Scholar
  45. Cecioni, M./Ferrero, G./Secchi, A. (2010): Unconventional monetary policy in theory and in practice?, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 102.  Google Scholar
  46. Ciccarelli, M./Osbat, C., eds. (2017): Low inflation in the euro area: Causes and consequences, ECB Occasional Paper No. 181.  Google Scholar
  47. Claeys, G./Darvas, Z./Leandro, A./Walsh, T. (2015): The effects of ultra-loose monetary policy on inequality, Bruegel policy contribution, June.  Google Scholar
  48. Cœuré, B. (2017): Central banks as risk managers, speech at the 53rd SEACEN Governors’ Conference/High-Level Seminar and the 37th Meeting of the SEACEN Board of Governors, Bangkok, 16 December.  Google Scholar
  49. Coibion, O./Gorodnichenko, Y. (2015): Is the Phillips curve alive and well after all? Inflation expectations and the missing disinflation, American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, Vol. 7, pp. 197–232.  Google Scholar
  50. Committee on the Global Financial System (2011): The impact of sovereign credit risk on bank funding conditions, CGFS papers, No. 43.  Google Scholar
  51. Constâncio, V. (2014): Speech at the 18th Annual Central Bank and Investment Authority Seminar organised by Commerzbank, Berlin, 16 October.  Google Scholar
  52. Constâncio, V. (2018): Past and future of the ECB monetary policy, speech at the Conference on “Central Banks in Historical Perspective: What Changed After the Financial Crisis?, Central Bank of Malta, Valletta, 4 May.  Google Scholar
  53. Conti, A./Neri, S./Nobili, A. (2015): Why inflation is so low in the euro area ?, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1019.  Google Scholar
  54. Corsetti, G./Kuester, K./Meier, A./Müller, G. (2014): Sovereign risk and belief-driven fluctuations in the euro area, Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 61, pp. 53–73.  Google Scholar
  55. Cova, P./Ferrero, G. (2015): Il programma di acquisto di attività finanziarie per fini di politica monetaria dell’Eurosistema, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 270.  Google Scholar
  56. Cova, P./Pagano, P./Pisani, M. (2015): Domestic and international macroeconomic effects of the Eurosystem expanded asset purchase programme, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1036.  Google Scholar
  57. Cugnasca, A./Rother, P. (2015): Fiscal multipliers during consolidation: evidence from the European Union, ECB Working Paper No. 1863.  Google Scholar
  58. De Santis, R. A. (2016): Impact of the asset purchase programme on euro area government bond yields using market news, ECB Working Paper No. 1939.  Google Scholar
  59. Del Giovane, P./Eramo, G./Nobili, A. (2011): Disentangling demand and supply in credit developments: A survey-based analysis for Italy, Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 35, pp. 2719–2732.  Google Scholar
  60. Del Giovane, P./Nobili, A./Signoretti, F. M. (2017): Assessing the Sources of Credit Supply Tightening: Was the Sovereign Debt Crisis Different from Lehman?, International Journal of Central Banking, Vol. 13, pp. 197–234.  Google Scholar
  61. Delle Monache, D./Venditti, F. (2016): Common faith or parting ways? A time varying parameters factor analysis of euro-area inflation, in: E. Hillebrand and S. J. Koopman (eds.) Advances in Econometrics, Vol. 35, pp. 539–565, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.  Google Scholar
  62. Di Cesare, A./Grande, G./Manna, M./Taboga, M. (2012): Recent estimates of sovereign risk premia for euro-area countries, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 128.  Google Scholar
  63. Dias Da Silva, A./Givone, A./Sondemann, D. (2017): When do countries implement structural reforms?, ECB Working Paper No. 2078.  Google Scholar
  64. Draghi, M. (2012): Speech at the Global Investment Conference in London, 26 July.  Google Scholar
  65. Draghi, M. (2014): Monetary policy in the euro area, speech at the Frankfurt European Banking Congress, Frankfurt am Main, 21 November.  Google Scholar
  66. Draghi, M. (2015): Global and domestic inflation, speech at the Economic Club of New York, 4 December.  Google Scholar
  67. Draghi, M. (2016): Delivering a symmetric mandate with asymmetric tools: monetary policy in a context of low interest rates, speech at the ceremony to mark the 200th anniversary of the Oesterreichische Nationalbank, Vienna, 2 June.  Google Scholar
  68. Draghi, M. (2017a): Structural reforms in the euro area, Introductory remarks at the ECB conference Structural reforms in the euro area, Frankfurt am Main, 18 October.  Google Scholar
  69. Draghi, M. (2017b): The interdependence of research and policymaking, speech at the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting, Lindau, Germany, 23 August.  Google Scholar
  70. Draghi, M. (2017c): Monetary policy and the economic recovery in the euro area, speech at The ECB and Its Watchers XVIII Conference, Frankfurt am Main, 6 April 2017.  Google Scholar
  71. Draghi, M. (2018): Monetary policy and the economic recovery in the euro area, speech at The ECB and Its Watchers XVIII Conference, Frankfurt am Main, 6 April 2017.  Google Scholar
  72. Draghi, M./de Guindos, L. (2018): Introductory Statement, press conference, 14 June.  Google Scholar
  73. Droes, M./van Lamoen, R./Mattheussens, S. (2017): Quantitative Easing and exuberance in government bond markets, evidence from the ECB’s Expanded Asset Purchase Program, Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper No. 17–080/IV.  Google Scholar
  74. ECB (2010): Chronology of monetary policy measures of the Eurosystem, Monthly Bulletin, June.  Google Scholar
  75. ECB (2014): Financial Stability Review, May.  Google Scholar
  76. ECB (2011): Chronology of monetary policy measures of the Eurosystem, Monthly Bulletin, November.  Google Scholar
  77. ECB (2016a): The corporate bond market and the ECB’s corporate sector purchase programme, Economic Bulletin, August.  Google Scholar
  78. ECB (2016b): Financial Stability Review, November.  Google Scholar
  79. ECB (2017): Economic Bulletin, April.  Google Scholar
  80. ECB (2018): Financial Stability Review, May.  Google Scholar
  81. Eser, F./Carmona Amaro, M./Iacobelli, S./Rubens, M. (2012): The use of the Eurosystem’s monetary policy instruments and its monetary policy implementation framework since 2009, ECB Occasional Paper No. 135.  Google Scholar
  82. European Economic Advisory Group (2011): The EEAG Report on the European Economy. Governing Europe, CESifo, Munich.  Google Scholar
  83. European Economic Advisory Group (2013): The EEAG Report on the European Economy. Rebalancing Europe, CESifo, Munich.  Google Scholar
  84. Evans, C./Gourio, F./Fisher, J./Krane, S. (2015): Risk management for monetary policy near the Zero Lower Bound, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Spring.  Google Scholar
  85. Favero, C. (2013): Modelling and forecasting government bond spreads in the euro area: a GVAR model, Journal of Econometrics, Vol. 177, pp. 343–356.  Google Scholar
  86. Ferrero, G./Gross, M./Neri, S. (2017): Secular stagnation, demographic developments and interest rates: an empirical investigation, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1137.  Google Scholar
  87. Ferrero, G./Neri, S. (2017): Monetary policy in a low interest rate environment, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 392.  Google Scholar
  88. Ferrero, G./Pietrunti, M./Tiseno, A. (2018): Benefits of gradualism or costs of inaction? Monetary policy in times of uncertainty, Banca d’Italia, mimeo.  Google Scholar
  89. Forbes, K. (2018): Has globalization changed the inflation process? Paper presented at the 17th BIS Annual Research Conference, Zurich, 22 June.  Google Scholar
  90. Galí, J. (2012): The monetary pillar and the great financial crisis, in The great financial crisis – Lessons for financial stability and monetary policy, an ECB colloquium held in honor of Lucas Papademos, 20–21 May 2010.  Google Scholar
  91. Gambetti, L./Musso, A. (2017): The macroeconomic impact of the ECB’s expanded asset purchase programme (APP), ECB Working Paper No. 2075.  Google Scholar
  92. Gerali, A./Neri, S. (2018): Natural rates across the Atlantic, Journal of Macroeconomics, forthcoming.  Google Scholar
  93. Giles, C. (2014): Debate rages on quantitative easing’s effect on inequality, Financial Times, 21 October.  Google Scholar
  94. Greenlaw, D./Hamilton, J. D./Harris, E./West, K. D. (2018): A Skeptical View of the Impact of the Fed’s Balance Sheet, NBER Working paper No. 24687.  Google Scholar
  95. Greenspan, A. (2004): Risk and uncertainty in monetary policy, American Economic Review, Vol. 94, pp. 33–40.  Google Scholar
  96. Hartmann, P./Smets, F. (2018): The first 20 years of the European Central Bank: Monetary policy, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity Conference, 13–14 September.  Google Scholar
  97. Honohan, P. (2018): Real and Imagined Constraints on Euro Area Monetary Policy, Peterson Institute for International Economics Working paper 18–8.  Google Scholar
  98. In’t Veld, J. (2013): Fiscal consolidations and spillovers in the Euro area periphery and core, Economic Papers, Vol. 506.  Google Scholar
  99. Jarociński, M./Lenza, M. (2016): An inflation-predicting measure of the output gap in the euro area, ECB Working Paper No. 1966.  Google Scholar
  100. Kang, D. W./Ligthart, N./Mody, A. (2016): The ECB and the Fed: A comparative narrative, Voxeu, 16 January.  Google Scholar
  101. Kiley, M. T./Roberts, J. M. (2017): Monetary policy in a low interest rate world, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Finance and Economics Discussion Series, No. 80.  Google Scholar
  102. Kollman, R./Pataracchia, B./Raciborski, R./Ratto, M./Roeger, W./Vogel, L. (2016): The post-crisis slump in the euro area and the US: evidence from an estimated three-region DSGE model, European Economic Review, Vol. 88, pp. 21–41.  Google Scholar
  103. Lalik, M. (2017): Interactions between fiscal multipliers and sovereign risk premium during fiscal consolidation: model based assessment for the euro area, ECB Working Paper No. 2016.  Google Scholar
  104. Lane, P. R. (2012): The European sovereign debt crisis, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 26, pp. 49–68.  Google Scholar
  105. Li, F./Mäkinen, T./Mercatanti, A./Silvestrini, A. (2018): Evaluating central bank purchases of corporate bonds using a regression discontinuity design, Banca d’Italia, mimeo.  Google Scholar
  106. Li, J./Zinna, G. (2018): How much of bank credit risk is sovereign risk? Evidence from Europe, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, forthcoming.  Google Scholar
  107. Łyziak, T./Paloviita, M. (2017): Anchoring of inflation expectations in the euro area: recent evidence based on survey data, European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 46, pp. 52–73.  Google Scholar
  108. Miccoli, M./Neri, S. (2018): Inflation surprises and inflation expectations in the euro area, Applied Economics, forthcoming.  Google Scholar
  109. Mikolajun, I./Lodge, D. (2016): Advanced economy inflation: the role of global factors, ECB Working Paper No. 1948.  Google Scholar
  110. Mishkin, F. (2011): Monetary policy strategy: lessons from the Crisis, NBER Working Paper No. 16755.  Google Scholar
  111. Natoli, F./Sigalotti, L. (2018): Tail co-movement in inflation expectations as an indicator of anchoring, International Journal of Central Banking, Vol. 14, pp. 35–71.  Google Scholar
  112. Nautz, D./Pagenhardt, L./Strohsal, T. (2017): The (de-)anchoring of inflation expectations: new evidence from the euro area, North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 40, pp. 103–115.  Google Scholar
  113. Neri, S. (2014): The impact of the sovereign debt crisis on bank lending rates in the euro area, Rivista Bancaria, No. 5–6, pp. 41–72.  Google Scholar
  114. Neri, S./Notarpietro, A. (2015): The macroeconomic effects of low and falling inflation at the zero lower bound, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1040.  Google Scholar
  115. Neri, S./Ropele, T. (2015): The macroeconomic effects of the sovereign debt crisis in the euro area, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1007.  Google Scholar
  116. Orphanides, A. (2015): The euro area crisis five years after the original sin, Credit and Capital Markets, Vol. 48, pp. 535–565.  Google Scholar
  117. Orphanides, A. (2017): The fiscal-monetary policy mix in the euro area: challenges at the zero lower bound, European Economy, European Commission Discussion Paper No. 60.  Google Scholar
  118. Pericoli, M./Taboga, M. (2015): Understanding policy rates at the zero lower bound: insights from a Bayesian shadow rate model, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1023.  Google Scholar
  119. Praet, P. (2014): Current issues in monetary policy. Speech at the Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, 9 December.  Google Scholar
  120. Praet, P. (2016): The ECB’s monetary policy response to disinflationary pressures, speech at ECB and Its Watchers XVII conference organised by Center for Financial Studies, Frankfurt, 7 April.  Google Scholar
  121. Praet, P. (2018): Assessment of quantitative easing and challenges of policy normalization, speech at The ECB and Its Watchers XIX Conference, Frankfurt am Main, 14 March.  Google Scholar
  122. Riggi, M./Venditti, F. (2015): Failing to forecast low inflation and Phillips curve instability: a euro-area perspective, International Finance, Vol. 18, pp. 47–67.  Google Scholar
  123. Rogoff, K. (2016): Debt supercycle, not secular stagnation, in: O. Blanchard, R. G. Rajan, K. Rogoff and L. H. Summers (eds.), Progress and Confusion: The State of Macroeconomic Policy, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, pp. 19–28.  Google Scholar
  124. Speck, C. (2017): Inflation anchoring in the euro area, ECB Working Paper No. 1998.  Google Scholar
  125. Summers, L. H. (2014): U.S. economic prospects: secular stagnation, hysteresis, and the zero lower bound” Business Economics, Vol. 49, pp. 65–73.  Google Scholar
  126. Taboga, M. (2016): Option-implied probability distributions: How reliable? How jagged?, International Review of Economics and Finance, 45, pp. 453–469.  Google Scholar
  127. Trichet, J. C. (2009): The financial crisis and the response of the ECB, speech at the Ceremony conferring the honorary title of Doctor Honoris Causa at the University of National and World Economy, Sofia, 12 June.  Google Scholar
  128. Ubide, A. (2014): Is the European Central Bank failing its price stability mandate?, Policy Brief, Peterson Institute for International Economics, No. 14–5.  Google Scholar
  129. Visco, I. (2014): The Governor’s Concluding Remarks”, Annual Report, 30 May.  Google Scholar
  130. Visco, I. (2015): Eurozone central bank policy challenges and risks, Central Banking, July (https://www.centralbanking.com/central-banking/feature/2416104/eurozone-central-bank-policy-challenges-and-risks).  Google Scholar
  131. Visco, I. (2016): Modelli e metodi quantitativi per le decisioni di politica monetaria: limiti e nuove prospettive, Lectio magistralis in occasione del conferimento della Laurea honoris causa in Scienze Statistiche per le Decisioni, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 19 December.  Google Scholar
  132. Visco, I. (2018): The Governor’s Concluding Remarks, Annual Report, 29 May.  Google Scholar
  133. Weber, A. A. (2010). Monetary policy after the crisis – a European perspective, speech at the Shadow Open Market Committee (SOMC) symposium, New York City, 12 October.  Google Scholar
  134. Williams, J. C. (2017): Preparing for the next storm: reassessing frameworks and strategies in a low R-star world, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Economic Letter, No. 3.  Google Scholar
  135. Wu, J. C./Xia, F. D. (2016): Measuring the macroeconomic impact of monetary policy at the Zero Lower Bound, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Vol., 48 pp. 253–291.  Google Scholar
  136. Zaghini, A. (2017): The CSPP at work: yield heterogeneity and the portfolio rebalancing channel, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1157.  Google Scholar
  137. Albertazzi, U./Becker, B./Boucinha, M. (2018): Portfolio rebalancing and the transmission of large-scale asset programmes: evidence from the euro area, ECB Working Paper No. 2125.  Google Scholar
  138. Albertazzi, U./Bottero, M. (2014): Foreign bank lending: evidence from the global financial crisis, Journal of International Economics, Vol. 92, pp. S22–S35.  Google Scholar
  139. Albertazzi, U./Nobili, A./Signoretti, F. M. (2016): The bank lending channel of conventional and unconventional monetary policy”, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1094.  Google Scholar
  140. Altavilla, C./Boucinha, M./Peydro, J. L. (2017): Monetary policy and bank profitability in a low interest rate environment, ECB Working Paper No. 2105.  Google Scholar
  141. Altavilla, R./Carboni, C./Motto, R. (2015): Asset purchase programmes and financial markets: lessons from the euro area, ECB Working Paper No. 1864.  Google Scholar
  142. Alvarez, I./Casavecchia, F./De Luca, M./Duering, A./Eser, F./Helmus, C./Hemous, C./Herrala, N./Jakovick, J./Lo Russo, M./Pasqualone, F./Rubens, M./Soares, R./Zennaro, F. (2017): The use of the Eurosystem’s monetary policy instruments and operational framework since 2012, ECB Occasional Paper No. 188.  Google Scholar
  143. Andrade, P./Breckenfelder, J./De Fiore, F./Karadi, P./Tristani, O. (2016): The ECB’s asset purchase programme: An early assessment, ECB Working Paper No. 1956.  Google Scholar
  144. Auer, R./Borio, C./Filardo, A. (2017): The globalization of inflation: the growing importance of global value chains, BIS Working paper No. 602.  Google Scholar
  145. Ball, L./Mazumder, S. (2011): Inflation dynamics and the Great Recession, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. 42, pp. 337–405.  Google Scholar
  146. Banca d’Italia (2013): The sovereign debt crisis and the euro area, Papers presented at the workshop held at the Bank of Italy on 15 February.  Google Scholar
  147. Banca d’Italia (2018): 2017 Annual Report, 29 May.  Google Scholar
  148. Bank for International Settlements (2018): Annual economic report, June.  Google Scholar
  149. Bartocci, A./Burlon, L./Notarpietro, A./Pisani, M. (2017): Macroeconomic effects of non-standard monetary policy measures in the euro area: the role of corporate bond purchases, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1136.  Google Scholar
  150. Belke, A./Gros, D./Osowski, T. (2017): The effectiveness of the Fed’s quantitative easing policy: New evidence based on international interest rate differentials, Journal of International Money and Finance, Vol. 73, pp. 335–349.  Google Scholar
  151. Bereau, S./Faubert, V./Schmidt, K. (2018): Explaining and forecasting euro area inflation: the role of domestic and global factors, Banque de France Working Paper No. 663.  Google Scholar
  152. Bianchi, F./Civelli, A. (2015): Globalization and Inflation: Evidence from a Time-Varying VAR, Review of Economic Dynamics, Vol. 18, 2, pp. 406–33.  Google Scholar
  153. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (2011): FOMC Minutes, June 21–22 (https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomcminutes20110622.htm).  Google Scholar
  154. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (2014): Policy Normalization Principles and Plans (https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/files/FOMC_PolicyNormalization.pdf).  Google Scholar
  155. Bobeica, E./Jarocinski, M. (2018): Missing disinflation and missing inflation: a VAR perspective, International Journal of Central Banking, forthcoming.  Google Scholar
  156. Bonaccorsi di Patti, E./Sette, E. (2016): Did the securitization market freeze affect bank lending during the financial crisis? Evidence from a credit register, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Vol. 25, pp. 54–76.  Google Scholar
  157. Borio, C. (2014): The financial cycle and macroeconomics: What have we learnt?, Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 45, pp. 182–198.  Google Scholar
  158. Brainard, W. C. (1967): Uncertainty and the Effectiveness of Policy, American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, Vol. 57, pp. 411–425.  Google Scholar
  159. Bulligan, G. (2018): The effect of the Eurosystem’s expanded Asset Purchase Programme on inflation expectations: evidence from the ECB Survey of Professional Forecasters., Banca d’Italia Occasional paper, forthcoming.  Google Scholar
  160. Bulligan, G./Delle Monache, D. (2018): Financial markets effects of ECB unconventional monetary policy announcements, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 424.  Google Scholar
  161. Bundesbank (2016a): The macroeconomic impact of quantitative easing in the euro area, Monthly Bulleting, June, pp. 29–54.  Google Scholar
  162. Bundesbank (2016b): Distributional effects of monetary policy, Monthly Bulletin, September, pp. 15–38.  Google Scholar
  163. Bundesbank (2017a): The Eurosystem’s bond purchases and the exchange rate of the euro, Monthly Bulletin, January, pp. 13–40.  Google Scholar
  164. Bundesbank (2017b): The natural rate of interest, Monthly Bulletin, October, pp. 35–38.  Google Scholar
  165. Burlon, L./Gerali, A./Notarpietro, A./Pisani, M. (2015): Inflation, financial conditions and non-standard monetary policy in a monetary union. A model-based evaluation, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1015.  Google Scholar
  166. Cœuré, B. (2017): Central banks as risk managers, speech at the 53rd SEACEN Governors’ Conference/High-Level Seminar and the 37th Meeting of the SEACEN Board of Governors, Bangkok, 16 December.  Google Scholar
  167. Coibion, O./Gorodnichenko, Y. (2015): Is the Phillips curve alive and well after all? Inflation expectations and the missing disinflation, American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, Vol. 7, pp. 197–232.  Google Scholar
  168. Committee on the Global Financial System (2011): The impact of sovereign credit risk on bank funding conditions, CGFS papers, No. 43.  Google Scholar
  169. Visco, I. (2015): Eurozone central bank policy challenges and risks, Central Banking, July (https://www.centralbanking.com/central-banking/feature/2416104/eurozone-central-bank-policy-challenges-and-risks).  Google Scholar
  170. Visco, I. (2016): Modelli e metodi quantitativi per le decisioni di politica monetaria: limiti e nuove prospettive, Lectio magistralis in occasione del conferimento della Laurea honoris causa in Scienze Statistiche per le Decisioni, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 19 December.  Google Scholar
  171. Visco, I. (2018): The Governor’s Concluding Remarks, Annual Report, 29 May.  Google Scholar
  172. Weber, A. A. (2010). Monetary policy after the crisis – a European perspective, speech at the Shadow Open Market Committee (SOMC) symposium, New York City, 12 October.  Google Scholar
  173. Williams, J. C. (2017): Preparing for the next storm: reassessing frameworks and strategies in a low R-star world, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Economic Letter, No. 3.  Google Scholar
  174. Wu, J. C./Xia, F. D. (2016): Measuring the macroeconomic impact of monetary policy at the Zero Lower Bound, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Vol., 48 pp. 253–291.  Google Scholar
  175. Zaghini, A. (2017): The CSPP at work: yield heterogeneity and the portfolio rebalancing channel, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1157.  Google Scholar
  176. Busetti, F./Delle Monache, D./Gerali, A./Locarno, A. (2017): Trust, but verify. De-anchoring of inflation expectations under learning and heterogeneity, ECB Working Paper No. 1994.  Google Scholar
  177. Cecchetti, S./Taboga, M. (2017): Assessing the risks of asset overvaluation: models and challenges, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1114.  Google Scholar
  178. Claeys, G./Darvas, Z./Leandro, A./Walsh, T. (2015): The effects of ultra-loose monetary policy on inequality, Bruegel policy contribution, June.  Google Scholar
  179. Greenspan, A. (2004): Risk and uncertainty in monetary policy, American Economic Review, Vol. 94, pp. 33–40.  Google Scholar
  180. Hartmann, P./Smets, F. (2018): The first 20 years of the European Central Bank: Monetary policy, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity Conference, 13–14 September.  Google Scholar
  181. Honohan, P. (2018): Real and Imagined Constraints on Euro Area Monetary Policy, Peterson Institute for International Economics Working paper 18–8.  Google Scholar
  182. In’t Veld, J. (2013): Fiscal consolidations and spillovers in the Euro area periphery and core, Economic Papers, Vol. 506.  Google Scholar
  183. Jarocinski, M./Lenza, M. (2016): An inflation-predicting measure of the output gap in the euro area, ECB Working Paper No. 1966.  Google Scholar
  184. Kang, D. W./Ligthart, N./Mody, A. (2016): The ECB and the Fed: A comparative narrative, Voxeu, 16 January.  Google Scholar
  185. Kiley, M. T./Roberts, J. M. (2017): Monetary policy in a low interest rate world, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Finance and Economics Discussion Series, No. 80.  Google Scholar
  186. Kollman, R./Pataracchia, B./Raciborski, R./Ratto, M./Roeger, W./Vogel, L. (2016): The post-crisis slump in the euro area and the US: evidence from an estimated three-region DSGE model, European Economic Review, Vol. 88, pp. 21–41.  Google Scholar
  187. Lalik, M. (2017): Interactions between fiscal multipliers and sovereign risk premium during fiscal consolidation: model based assessment for the euro area, ECB Working Paper No. 2016.  Google Scholar
  188. Lane, P. R. (2012): The European sovereign debt crisis, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 26, pp. 49–68.  Google Scholar
  189. Li, F./Mäkinen, T./Mercatanti, A./Silvestrini, A. (2018): Evaluating central bank purchases of corporate bonds using a regression discontinuity design, Banca d’Italia, mimeo.  Google Scholar
  190. Li, J./Zinna, G. (2018): How much of bank credit risk is sovereign risk? Evidence from Europe, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, forthcoming.  Google Scholar
  191. Lyziak, T./Paloviita, M. (2017): Anchoring of inflation expectations in the euro area: recent evidence based on survey data, European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 46, pp. 52–73.  Google Scholar
  192. Miccoli, M./Neri, S. (2018): Inflation surprises and inflation expectations in the euro area, Applied Economics, forthcoming.  Google Scholar
  193. Mikolajun, I./Lodge, D. (2016): Advanced economy inflation: the role of global factors, ECB Working Paper No. 1948.  Google Scholar
  194. Mishkin, F. (2011): Monetary policy strategy: lessons from the Crisis, NBER Working Paper No. 16755.  Google Scholar
  195. Natoli, F./Sigalotti, L. (2018): Tail co-movement in inflation expectations as an indicator of anchoring, International Journal of Central Banking, Vol. 14, pp. 35–71.  Google Scholar
  196. Nautz, D./Pagenhardt, L./Strohsal, T. (2017): The (de-)anchoring of inflation expectations: new evidence from the euro area, North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 40, pp. 103–115.  Google Scholar
  197. Neri, S. (2014): The impact of the sovereign debt crisis on bank lending rates in the euro area, Rivista Bancaria, No. 5–6, pp. 41–72.  Google Scholar
  198. Neri, S./Notarpietro, A. (2015): The macroeconomic effects of low and falling inflation at the zero lower bound, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1040.  Google Scholar
  199. Neri, S./Ropele, T. (2015): The macroeconomic effects of the sovereign debt crisis in the euro area, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1007.  Google Scholar
  200. Orphanides, A. (2015): The euro area crisis five years after the original sin, Credit and Capital Markets, Vol. 48, pp. 535–565.  Google Scholar
  201. Orphanides, A. (2017): The fiscal-monetary policy mix in the euro area: challenges at the zero lower bound, European Economy, European Commission Discussion Paper No. 60.  Google Scholar
  202. Pericoli, M./Taboga, M. (2015): Understanding policy rates at the zero lower bound: insights from a Bayesian shadow rate model, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1023.  Google Scholar
  203. Praet, P. (2014): Current issues in monetary policy. Speech at the Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, 9 December.  Google Scholar
  204. Praet, P. (2016): The ECB’s monetary policy response to disinflationary pressures, speech at ECB and Its Watchers XVII conference organised by Center for Financial Studies, Frankfurt, 7 April.  Google Scholar
  205. Praet, P. (2018): Assessment of quantitative easing and challenges of policy normalization, speech at The ECB and Its Watchers XIX Conference, Frankfurt am Main, 14 March.  Google Scholar
  206. Riggi, M./Venditti, F. (2015): Failing to forecast low inflation and Phillips curve instability: a euro-area perspective, International Finance, Vol. 18, pp. 47–67.  Google Scholar
  207. Rogoff, K. (2016): Debt supercycle, not secular stagnation, in: O. Blanchard, R. G. Rajan, K. Rogoff and L. H. Summers (eds.), Progress and Confusion: The State of Macroeconomic Policy, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, pp. 19–28.  Google Scholar
  208. Speck, C. (2017): Inflation anchoring in the euro area, ECB Working Paper No. 1998.  Google Scholar
  209. Summers, L. H. (2014): U.S. economic prospects: secular stagnation, hysteresis, and the zero lower bound” Business Economics, Vol. 49, pp. 65–73.  Google Scholar
  210. Taboga, M. (2016): Option-implied probability distributions: How reliable? How jagged?, International Review of Economics and Finance, 45, pp. 453–469.  Google Scholar
  211. Trichet, J. C. (2009): The financial crisis and the response of the ECB, speech at the Ceremony conferring the honorary title of Doctor Honoris Causa at the University of National and World Economy, Sofia, 12 June.  Google Scholar
  212. Ubide, A. (2014): Is the European Central Bank failing its price stability mandate?, Policy Brief, Peterson Institute for International Economics, No. 14–5.  Google Scholar
  213. Visco, I. (2014): The Governor’s Concluding Remarks”, Annual Report, 30 May.  Google Scholar
  214. Caivano, M./Rodano, L./Siviero, S. (2011): La trasmissione della crisi finanziaria globale all’economia italiana. Un’indagine controfattuale, 2008–2010, Giornale degli Economisti e Annali di Economia, Vol. 70, pp. 1–32.  Google Scholar
  215. Carriero, A./Corsello, F./Marcellino, M. (2018): The global component of inflation volatility, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1170.  Google Scholar
  216. Casiraghi, M./Ferrero, G. (2015): Is deflation good or bad? Just mind the inflation gap, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 268.  Google Scholar
  217. Casiraghi, M./Gaiotti, E./Rodano, L./Secchi, S. (2016): ECB unconventional monetary policy and the Italian economy during the sovereign debt crisis”, International Journal of Central Banking, Vol. 12, pp. 269–315.  Google Scholar
  218. Casiraghi, M./Gaiotti, E./Rodano, L./Secchi, S. (2018): A “reverse Robin Hood”? The distributional implications of non-standard monetary policy for Italian households, Journal of International Money and Finance, Vol. 85, pp. 215–235.  Google Scholar
  219. Casiraghi, M./Miccoli, M. (2015): Risk-adjusted forecasts of inflation, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 286.  Google Scholar
  220. Cecchetti, S. (2017): A quantitative analysis of the risk premia in the corporate bond market, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1141.  Google Scholar
  221. Cecchetti, S./Natoli, F./Sigalotti, L. (2015): Tail comovement in option-implied inflation expectations as an indicator of anchoring, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1025.  Google Scholar
  222. Cecioni, M. (2018) ECB monetary policy and the euro exchange rate, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1172.  Google Scholar
  223. Cecioni, M./Ferrero, G./Secchi, A. (2010): Unconventional monetary policy in theory and in practice?, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 102.  Google Scholar
  224. Ciccarelli, M./Osbat, C., eds. (2017): Low inflation in the euro area: Causes and consequences, ECB Occasional Paper No. 181.  Google Scholar
  225. Corsetti, G./Kuester, K./Meier, A./Müller, G. (2014): Sovereign risk and belief-driven fluctuations in the euro area, Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 61, pp. 53–73.  Google Scholar
  226. Burlon, L./Gerali, A./Notarpietro, A./Pisani, M. (2016): Non-Standard Monetary Policy, Asset Prices and Macroprudential Policy in a Monetary Union, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1089.  Google Scholar
  227. Draghi, M. (2018): Monetary policy and the economic recovery in the euro area, speech at The ECB and Its Watchers XVIII Conference, Frankfurt am Main, 6 April 2017.  Google Scholar
  228. Draghi, M./de Guindos, L. (2018): Introductory Statement, press conference, 14 June.  Google Scholar
  229. Droes, M./van Lamoen, R./Mattheussens, S. (2017): Quantitative Easing and exuberance in government bond markets, evidence from the ECB’s Expanded Asset Purchase Program, Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper No. 17–080/IV.  Google Scholar
  230. ECB (2010): Chronology of monetary policy measures of the Eurosystem, Monthly Bulletin, June.  Google Scholar
  231. ECB (2014): Financial Stability Review, May.  Google Scholar
  232. ECB (2011): Chronology of monetary policy measures of the Eurosystem, Monthly Bulletin, November.  Google Scholar
  233. ECB (2016a): The corporate bond market and the ECB’s corporate sector purchase programme, Economic Bulletin, August.  Google Scholar
  234. ECB (2016b): Financial Stability Review, November.  Google Scholar
  235. ECB (2017): Economic Bulletin, April.  Google Scholar
  236. ECB (2018): Financial Stability Review, May.  Google Scholar
  237. Eser, F./Carmona Amaro, M./Iacobelli, S./Rubens, M. (2012): The use of the Eurosystem’s monetary policy instruments and its monetary policy implementation framework since 2009, ECB Occasional Paper No. 135.  Google Scholar
  238. European Economic Advisory Group (2011): The EEAG Report on the European Economy. Governing Europe, CESifo, Munich.  Google Scholar
  239. European Economic Advisory Group (2013): The EEAG Report on the European Economy. Rebalancing Europe, CESifo, Munich.  Google Scholar
  240. Evans, C./Gourio, F./Fisher, J./Krane, S. (2015): Risk management for monetary policy near the Zero Lower Bound, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Spring.  Google Scholar
  241. Favero, C. (2013): Modelling and forecasting government bond spreads in the euro area: a GVAR model, Journal of Econometrics, Vol. 177, pp. 343–356.  Google Scholar
  242. Ferrero, G./Gross, M./Neri, S. (2017): Secular stagnation, demographic developments and interest rates: an empirical investigation, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1137.  Google Scholar
  243. Busetti, F./Caivano, M. (2017): Low frequency drivers of the real interest rate: A band spectrum regression approach, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1132.  Google Scholar
  244. Ferrero, G./Neri, S. (2017): Monetary policy in a low interest rate environment, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 392.  Google Scholar
  245. Ferrero, G./Pietrunti, M./Tiseno, A. (2018): Benefits of gradualism or costs of inaction? Monetary policy in times of uncertainty, Banca d’Italia, mimeo.  Google Scholar
  246. Forbes, K. (2018): Has globalization changed the inflation process? Paper presented at the 17th BIS Annual Research Conference, Zurich, 22 June.  Google Scholar
  247. Galí, J. (2012): The monetary pillar and the great financial crisis, in The great financial crisis – Lessons for financial stability and monetary policy, an ECB colloquium held in honor of Lucas Papademos, 20–21 May 2010.  Google Scholar
  248. Gambetti, L./Musso, A. (2017): The macroeconomic impact of the ECB’s expanded asset purchase programme (APP), ECB Working Paper No. 2075.  Google Scholar
  249. Gerali, A./Neri, S. (2018): Natural rates across the Atlantic, Journal of Macroeconomics, forthcoming.  Google Scholar
  250. Giles, C. (2014): Debate rages on quantitative easing’s effect on inequality, Financial Times, 21 October.  Google Scholar
  251. Greenlaw, D./Hamilton, J. D./Harris, E./West, K. D. (2018): A Skeptical View of the Impact of the Fed’s Balance Sheet, NBER Working paper No. 24687.  Google Scholar
  252. Constâncio, V. (2014): Speech at the 18th Annual Central Bank and Investment Authority Seminar organised by Commerzbank, Berlin, 16 October.  Google Scholar
  253. Constâncio, V. (2018): Past and future of the ECB monetary policy, speech at the Conference on “Central Banks in Historical Perspective: What Changed After the Financial Crisis?, Central Bank of Malta, Valletta, 4 May.  Google Scholar
  254. Conti, A./Neri, S./Nobili, A. (2015): Why inflation is so low in the euro area ?, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1019.  Google Scholar
  255. Cova, P./Ferrero, G. (2015): Il programma di acquisto di attività finanziarie per fini di politica monetaria dell’Eurosistema, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 270.  Google Scholar
  256. Cova, P./Pagano, P./Pisani, M. (2015): Domestic and international macroeconomic effects of the Eurosystem expanded asset purchase programme, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1036.  Google Scholar
  257. Cugnasca, A./Rother, P. (2015): Fiscal multipliers during consolidation: evidence from the European Union, ECB Working Paper No. 1863.  Google Scholar
  258. De Santis, R. A. (2016): Impact of the asset purchase programme on euro area government bond yields using market news, ECB Working Paper No. 1939.  Google Scholar
  259. Del Giovane, P./Eramo, G./Nobili, A. (2011): Disentangling demand and supply in credit developments: A survey-based analysis for Italy, Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 35, pp. 2719–2732.  Google Scholar
  260. Del Giovane, P./Nobili, A./Signoretti, F. M. (2017): Assessing the Sources of Credit Supply Tightening: Was the Sovereign Debt Crisis Different from Lehman?, International Journal of Central Banking, Vol. 13, pp. 197–234.  Google Scholar
  261. Delle Monache, D./Venditti, F. (2016): Common faith or parting ways? A time varying parameters factor analysis of euro-area inflation, in: E. Hillebrand and S. J. Koopman (eds.) Advances in Econometrics, Vol. 35, pp. 539–565, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.  Google Scholar
  262. Di Cesare, A./Grande, G./Manna, M./Taboga, M. (2012): Recent estimates of sovereign risk premia for euro-area countries, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 128.  Google Scholar
  263. Dias Da Silva, A./Givone, A./Sondemann, D. (2017): When do countries implement structural reforms?, ECB Working Paper No. 2078.  Google Scholar
  264. Draghi, M. (2012): Speech at the Global Investment Conference in London, 26 July.  Google Scholar
  265. Draghi, M. (2014): Monetary policy in the euro area, speech at the Frankfurt European Banking Congress, Frankfurt am Main, 21 November.  Google Scholar
  266. Draghi, M. (2015): Global and domestic inflation, speech at the Economic Club of New York, 4 December.  Google Scholar
  267. Draghi, M. (2016): Delivering a symmetric mandate with asymmetric tools: monetary policy in a context of low interest rates, speech at the ceremony to mark the 200th anniversary of the Oesterreichische Nationalbank, Vienna, 2 June.  Google Scholar
  268. Draghi, M. (2017a): Structural reforms in the euro area, Introductory remarks at the ECB conference Structural reforms in the euro area, Frankfurt am Main, 18 October.  Google Scholar
  269. Draghi, M. (2017b): The interdependence of research and policymaking, speech at the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting, Lindau, Germany, 23 August.  Google Scholar
  270. Draghi, M. (2017c): Monetary policy and the economic recovery in the euro area, speech at The ECB and Its Watchers XVIII Conference, Frankfurt am Main, 6 April 2017.  Google Scholar
  271. Busetti, F./Caivano, M./Rodano, L. (2015): On the Conditional Distribution of Euro Area Inflation Forecast, Banca d’Italia Working Paper No. 1027.  Google Scholar
  272. Busetti, F./Cova, P. (2013): The macroeconomic impact of the sovereign debt crisis: A counterfactual analysis for the Italian economy, Banca d’Italia Occasional Paper No. 201.  Google Scholar

Abstract

Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Herausforderungen, vor denen die Europäische Zentralbank seit dem Ausbruch der globalen Finanzkrise steht. Von 2008 bis 2014 hat die Notwendigkeit, das ordnungsgemäße Funktionieren des geldpolitischen Transmissionsmechanismus zu wahren und die Kreditversorgung des privaten Sektors sicherzustellen, die Grenzen der konventionellen Geldpolitik überschritten. Im Jahr 2015 führte das Deflationsrisiko dazu, dass die EZB ein groß angelegtes Anleihenkaufprogramm aufnahm. Die vorliegende Analyse basiert im Wesentlichen auf einer Überprüfung der zahlreichen Studien, welche die Mitarbeiter der Banca d‘Italia zu den Faktoren erstellt haben. Diese Faktoren haben einerseits die Inflation 2014 auf ein beispiellos niedriges Niveau gebracht und andererseits Auswirkungen auf das Programm zum Ankauf von Vermögenswerten zur Folge gehabt.