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Can Germany Stand Up to International Locational Competition?

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Winkelmann, R., Zimmermann, K. (Eds.) (2005). Can Germany Stand Up to International Locational Competition?. Duncker & Humblot. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-51961-3
Winkelmann, Rainer and Zimmermann, Klaus F.. Can Germany Stand Up to International Locational Competition?. Duncker & Humblot, 2005. Book. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-51961-3
Winkelmann, R, Zimmermann, K (eds.) (2005): Can Germany Stand Up to International Locational Competition?, Duncker & Humblot, [online] https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-51961-3

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Can Germany Stand Up to International Locational Competition?

Editors: Winkelmann, Rainer | Zimmermann, Klaus F.

Applied Economics Quarterly. Supplements, Vol. 56

(2005)

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Abstract

Unternehmen konkurrieren um Kunden, während Regionen und Staaten um Unternehmen, um deren Arbeitsplätze und Steuerzahlungen konkurrieren. Bei der Standortwahl müssen die Unternehmen weder absatz- noch input-orientiert sein. Vielmehr können sie auch - als "footloose industries" - allein Lohnkostenvorteile nutzen. Für Hochlohn-Standorte wie Deutschland kommt es somit umso mehr darauf an, den Unternehmen attraktive Standorteigenschaften zu bieten.

International und einschlägig ausgewiesene Wissenschaftler der Wirtschaftsforschungsinstitute CEPII (Paris), Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (Köln), ifo Institut (München), Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel) sowie HWWA (Hamburg) legen die Ergebnisse aktueller v.a. empirischer Studien vor, die u.a. aufzeigen, welche Standorteigenschaften für international orientierte Unternehmen von besonderer Bedeutung sind, in welche Richtung in Deutschland ein Programm zur Standortstärkung und zur Überwindung der Wachstumsschwäche zielen müsste, welche Auswirkungen Investitionen deutscher Firmen im Ausland auf die Beschäftigung in Deutschland haben.

Enterprises compete for clients, whereas regions and states compete for enterprises, jobs and tax revenues. Enterprises selecting where to locate do not have to orient themselves towards markets or inputs: as "footloose industries"", they can simply move to where they find the lowest wages. For high-wage countries like Germany it is, thus, all the more important to offer enterprises attractive locational conditions.

Internationally renowned economists from the research institutes CEPII (Paris), IW (Cologne), Ifo (Munich), IfW (Kiel) and HWWA (Hamburg) present results of recent, mainly empirical studies. They discuss the most important locational conditions for enterprises, the central objectives of a program to stimulate growth and improve Germany's attractiveness as a business location, and the net effects of outgoing investment on the German labour market.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Editorial 5
Contents 7
Lionel Fontagné and Thierry Mayer: Determinants of Location Choices by Multinational Firms: A Review of the Current State of Knowledge 9
Abstract 9
1. Introduction 9
2. Theory Background 11
2.1 Market Access and Spatial Competition 12
2.2 Agglomeration 13
2.3 Production Costs 13
2.4 Public Policy Measures 14
2.5 Synthetic Framework 14
3. Market Access and Spatial Competition: The Evidence 16
3.1 The Two Faces of Market Access 16
3.2 Japanese FDI in Europe 17
3.3 Foreign Entries in Chinese Provinces 19
3.4 German Firms Locating Abroad 19
4. Production Costs and Location: The Evidence 21
4.1 Employment Substitution between Parent and Foreign Affiliates 21
4.2 Is Regulation Deterring Inward FDI? 22
4.3 Social Dumping 23
4.4 Environmental Dumping 24
4.5 Gains to Cultural Proximity 25
5. Public Policies and Location: The Evidence 25
5.1 Corporate Taxes and Other Forms of Investment-promotion Policies 26
5.2 FDI and Institutions 28
6. Conclusion 30
References 32
Hans-Peter Klös and Rolf Kroker: Developing a Political Agenda for Sustainable Economic Growth in Germany 35
Abstract 35
1. The Problem and the Design of the Paper 35
2. Determinants of Economic Growth (Growth Drivers) 37
3. Scenarios of Economic Growth in Germany up to 2024 41
4. From Stress to Reform 45
5. The Political Economics of Reforms 47
5.1 Reform Automatism: How Likely is Persisting Stagnation? 48
5.2 Delaying Aspects: Are J-curve Effects Inevitable? 48
5.3 Distributional Aspects: Does a Rising Tide Lift All Boats? 49
6. Conclusion 52
References 52
Kilian Bizer: Developing a Political Agenda for Sustainable Economic Growth in Germany - Comment 55
Abstract 55
1. Introduction 55
2. Varieties of Growth Paths 56
3. The Agenda 2010 57
4. Conclusion 58
Bibliography 59
Tobias Seidel: Welfare Effects of Capital Mobility with Rigid Wages 61
Abstract 61
1. Introduction 61
2. The Development of Capital Mobility 63
3. Labour Market Institutions and Outcome 64
4. The Model 65
5. Integration with Flexible Wages 67
6. Integration with Rigid Wages 68
7. A Distorting Tax on Capital 71
8. Conclusions and Policy Implications 72
Appendix 73
References 74
Carsten Eckel: Welfare Effects of Capital Mobility with Rigid Wages - Comment 77
References 80
Peter Egger, Tilmann Rave and Ursula Triebswetter: Environmental Standards and the Location of Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence for Germany 83
Abstract 83
1. Introduction 83
2. Specification of Environmental Variables and Measurement of Regulatory Stringency 85
3. Theoretical Motivation of the Empirical Framework 87
4. Data, Empirical Specification, and Econometric Results 88
5. Conclusions 99
References 100
Michael Pfaffermayr: Environmental Standards and the Location of Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence for Germany - Comment 103
References 104
Henning Klodt: International Investment and Domestic Employment 105
Abstract 105
1. Introduction 105
2. Theories of International Investment 106
3. Stylized Facts of International Investment 107
4. Summary and Conclusions 112
References 113
Appendix 115
Sascha O. Becker: International Investment and Domestic Employment - Comment 117
1. Introduction 117
2. Econometric Studies on Home Labor Market Effects of Outward FDI 118
3. Should We Worry about Outward FDI? 119
References 120
Christine Borrmann, Rolf Jungnickel and Dietmar Keller: Does FDI in Central and Eastern Europe Weaken Germany’s Position as a Business Location? 123
Abstract 123
1. Introduction 123
2. Pattern of German FDI in CEE Countries 125
3. The (Ambiguous) Link between FDI and Location Quality 128
4. Results of Former Studies 131
5. Empirical Evidence 135
5.1 Data Base and Methodological Approach 135
5.2 Affiliate Production and Trade 137
5.3 Affiliate Production and Employment in Germany – The Direct Link 142
6. Summary and Conclusions 144
References 146
Annex 148
Wilfried Altzinger: Does FDI in Central and Eastern Europe Weaken Germany’s Position as a Business Location? - Comment 151
1. Introduction 151
2. Some Remarks on the BJK-Paper 151
3. The Experiences of Austria’s FDI in CEE 153
4. Conclusion 156
References 156
Participants 159