Biology, Culture, and Environmental Law
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McGuire, M., Rehbinder, M. (Eds.) (1993). Biology, Culture, and Environmental Law. Duncker & Humblot. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-47732-6
McGuire, Michael T. and Rehbinder, Manfred. Biology, Culture, and Environmental Law. Duncker & Humblot, 1993. Book. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-47732-6
McGuire, M, Rehbinder, M (eds.) (1993): Biology, Culture, and Environmental Law, Duncker & Humblot, [online] https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-47732-6
Format
Biology, Culture, and Environmental Law
Editors: McGuire, Michael T. | Rehbinder, Manfred
Schriftenreihe zur Rechtssoziologie und Rechtstatsachenforschung, Vol. 73
(1993)
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Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contents | 5 | ||
| Preface by Margaret Gruter | 7 | ||
| I. Introduction | 9 | ||
| Michael T. McGuire and Manfred Rehbinder: Can Biology Inform Environmental Law? | 9 | ||
| II. Theory and General Concepts | 17 | ||
| 1. Zdenek Madar: Environmental Protection: The Necessity of an Interdisciplinary Approach | 17 | ||
| I. Importance of the Interdisciplinary Approach in Scientific Research in General | 17 | ||
| II. Importance of Interdisciplinarity in the Field of Legal Protection of Environment | 19 | ||
| III. Conclusion | 25 | ||
| 2. Margaret Gruter: Ethology and Environmental Law | 27 | ||
| I. Species-Characteristic Behaviors and the Environment | 27 | ||
| 1. Self-interest | 28 | ||
| 2. Nepotism | 28 | ||
| 3. Reciprocity | 30 | ||
| 4. Indirect Reciprocity | 31 | ||
| II. Biology and Laws Dealing with Preservation to the Environment | 34 | ||
| 1. Public Education | 36 | ||
| 2. Laws with Harsh Penalities, Tempting Awards, and Attractive Subsidies | 37 | ||
| 3. Community-Support Systems | 38 | ||
| 4. Auctioning off the Environment | 38 | ||
| Ill. Reduced Competitiveness; Limited Environmental Density; and Ideological/Religious Solutions | 39 | ||
| IV. Conclusion | 40 | ||
| 3. Hans Rudolf Trüeb: Economics and the Environment: The Case For Tradeable Emission Permits | 43 | ||
| § 1 Introduction | 43 | ||
| § 2 Ecology and Economics: A Dangerous Liaison? | 45 | ||
| § 3 Of Commons, Coase and Clean Air | 49 | ||
| 3.1 The Invisible Hand, or: Doing What Comes Naturally | 49 | ||
| 3.2 Bargaining in the Shadow of the Smoke-Stack | 53 | ||
| 3.3 Beyond Command and Control | 54 | ||
| § 4 Tradeable Permits: A New Instrument in Environmental Policy | 58 | ||
| 4.1 The Idea... | 58 | ||
| 4.2 ...and Its Refinements | 60 | ||
| § 5 Collective Choice for Command and Control | 64 | ||
| 5.1 Pressure Groups and Environmental Policy | 65 | ||
| 5.2 Synopsis | 69 | ||
| § 6 Aphorisms to a Theory of Instrument Choice | 70 | ||
| 6.1 Environmental1ncidence | 71 | ||
| 6.2 Cost Savings: Facts and Illusions | 72 | ||
| 6.3 Organizational Viability: The Role of Certainty | 75 | ||
| 6.4 Distributional Effects and Equal Treatment | 77 | ||
| 6.5 Administrative Burden: Noble Dream or Nightmare? | 79 | ||
| 6.6 Enforcement and Compliance | 81 | ||
| 6.7 Public Opinion: A License to Pollute? | 82 | ||
| 6.8 Summary | 84 | ||
| § 7 Emissions Trading | 86 | ||
| 7.1 Regulatory Background | 86 | ||
| 7.2 EPA's «Final» Emissions Trading Policy | 87 | ||
| 7.3 Successes and Failures | 92 | ||
| § 8 Acid Rain Allowances | 94 | ||
| § 9 Tradeable Permits in Other Fields | 98 | ||
| § 10 Market-Based Approaches in European EnvironmentalLaw | 101 | ||
| 10.1 International Organizations | 101 | ||
| 10.2 Countries - Overview | 104 | ||
| 10.3 Germany | 106 | ||
| 10.4 Switzerland | 109 | ||
| § 11 Conclusion | 115 | ||
| 4. Michael T. McGuire: Environmental Protection, Improvement, and the Biology of Behavior | 117 | ||
| Introduction | 117 | ||
| 1. Background | 118 | ||
| 2. Human Investment and the Environment | 121 | ||
| 3. Possible Solutions | 129 | ||
| Conclusion | 131 | ||
| References and Notes | 131 | ||
| III. Western European Issues | 135 | ||
| 1. Ulf D. Lemor: Developments in the Field of Environmental Liability and Insurance Within the EEC and Especially in Germany | 135 | ||
| I. International developments | 135 | ||
| II. The problems of environmental impairment liability in Germany | 139 | ||
| III. The new pollution liability insurance concept | 145 | ||
| IV. Conclusion | 149 | ||
| 2. Michael Lehmann: The New German Act on Strict Liability for Environmental Damage. Some Internalization of Negative External Effects | 151 | ||
| I. Civil Liability Law as an Instrument of Internalization | 151 | ||
| II. History of the Development of the German Act on Strict Liability for Environmental Damage | 153 | ||
| III. Details of the New German Act on Strict Liability for Environmental Damage | 157 | ||
| IV. Summary | 159 | ||
| IV. Eastern European Issues | 161 | ||
| 1. Andras Sajo: Property Rights and Environmental Prospects in Post-Communism | 161 | ||
| I. | 164 | ||
| II. | 168 | ||
| III. | 179 | ||
| 2. Sergei Zalygin: Ecological Problems in the USSR, as Seen by the State and the Public | 189 | ||
| 3. A.S. Mishchenko: Experience from an Independant Examination of the Design Flood-Control Works in Leningrad (The Leningrad Dike) | 197 | ||
| 4. N.G. Minashina: Ecological State of the Soils in the Aral Basin: Sources-and Scope of the Crisis | 203 | ||
| 5. M.I. Zelikin and A.S. Demidov: The Aral Crisis and Departmental Interests | 209 | ||
| 6. B.V. Vinogradov: Ecological Crisis in the North-Western Caspian Area and an Agricultural and Ecological Alternative Program to Develop the Region | 213 | ||
| V. US-American Issues | 217 | ||
| 1. William H. Rodgers, Jr.: The Environmental Laws of the United States: Poison to be Shunned or Nourishment to be Embraced? | 217 | ||
| I. Introduction | 217 | ||
| II. Describing the U.S. Environmental Laws | 218 | ||
| III. Evaluating the U.S. Environmental Laws | 219 | ||
| 1. Prospective Regulation, Based upon best Technology | 220 | ||
| 2. Prospective Regulation, Based upon Risk Assessment | 221 | ||
| 3. Environmental Impact Assessment | 223 | ||
| 4. Strict, Joint, Several, and Retroactive Liability | 225 | ||
| 5. Integrated Pollution Control | 226 | ||
| 6. Controlling Environmental Risks through Economic Incentives | 228 | ||
| IV. Conclusion | 229 | ||
| 2. Susan Low Bloch: The Evolution of American Environmental Regulation: The Impact of Political Structure and Culture on the Substance of the Law | 231 | ||
| A. Forms o/Governmental Control | 232 | ||
| I. How clean do we want our environment to be and at what cost? | 232 | ||
| II. How do we get there? | 233 | ||
| 1. Command and Control Regulation | 233 | ||
| 2. Government Subsidization | 237 | ||
| 3. Pollution or Effluent Charges and Permits | 238 | ||
| 4. Common Problems in all these Approaches | 241 | ||
| Ill. Role of the National and State Governments | 242 | ||
| B. Experience afthe United States | 244 | ||
| I. Structural Constraints | 244 | ||
| II. The Evolution of Regulation in the United States | 247 | ||
| III. Understanding the Factors that influenced this Evolution | 255 | ||
| Conclusion | 260 | ||
| VI. Final Remarks | 261 | ||
| Michael T. McGuire: Modeling Legal Compliance for Environmental Law Using Concepts from Biology | 261 | ||
| 1. The range of answers | 261 | ||
| 2. Modeling legal compliance | 263 | ||
| 3. Conclusion | 268 |