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Herman, S. (1993). Medieval Usury and the Commercialization of Feudal Bonds. Duncker & Humblot. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-47785-2
Herman, Shael. Medieval Usury and the Commercialization of Feudal Bonds. Duncker & Humblot, 1993. Book. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-47785-2
Herman, S (1993): Medieval Usury and the Commercialization of Feudal Bonds, Duncker & Humblot, [online] https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-47785-2
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Medieval Usury and the Commercialization of Feudal Bonds
Schriften zur Europäischen Rechts- und Verfassungsgeschichte, Vol. 11
(1993)
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Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Geleitwort | 7 | ||
| Preface | 9 | ||
| Table of Contents | 11 | ||
| I. Introduction | 13 | ||
| II. The Church, Contrary to Its Roman Law Heritage, Condemns Lending at Interest | 19 | ||
| a) Roman Law as Damnosa Hereditas | 19 | ||
| b) The Church Rejects the Roman Practice of Lending at Interest | 19 | ||
| III. Theological Foundations of the Usury Ban and Its Evasions | 23 | ||
| IV. Commercialization of Feudal Bonds | 25 | ||
| a) Overview | 25 | ||
| b) Norman Financing Practices During the Tenth through Thirteenth Centuries | 26 | ||
| c) Landed Revenues as Natural Camouflage for Interest | 28 | ||
| d) Rents: A Natural Outgrowth of the Personal Bond of Lord and Vassal | 29 | ||
| e) Two Forms of Tenement Transfers: Subinfeudation and Substitution | 30 | ||
| aa) Substitution | 30 | ||
| bb) Subinfeudation | 30 | ||
| f) Commutation of Services: A Sign of Commercialization of Feudal Bonds | 32 | ||
| g) More Evidence of Commercialization of Feudal Bonds: Subinfeudation ut de vadio | 33 | ||
| h) The Nontenurial Rent: Both Euphemism and Convenient Disguise for Usury | 34 | ||
| i) Blurring Lease and Loan | 34 | ||
| j) Distraint: Compulsory Rendition of Rent Payments and Services | 36 | ||
| k) The “Thinglikeness” of Rents | 38 | ||
| V. French Experience with Gages, Subinfeudations, and Rents | 40 | ||
| a) Commercialization of Feudal Bonds in Medieval France | 40 | ||
| b) French Financing Practices | 42 | ||
| c) Waning Obstacles to Liquidating a Fee on Default | 43 | ||
| d) Jewish Lenders in France | 45 | ||
| VI. Recapitulation | 47 | ||
| VII. English Experience with Usurious Lending and Its Evasions | 48 | ||
| a) Jewish Lenders in England | 48 | ||
| b) Subinfeudations and the Locus of Creditor Leverage | 50 | ||
| c) Subinfeudations ut de feodo | 50 | ||
| d) Subinfeudations ut de feodo and ut de vadio Contrasted | 51 | ||
| e) Subinfeudations ut de vadio as Investment | 53 | ||
| f) Jewish Holdings by Subinfeudation | 53 | ||
| g) Christian Holdings by Subinfeudation | 54 | ||
| h) Royal Statutes Aimed at Investors in Encumbered Estates | 54 | ||
| i) Statutes of 1269 and 1271 Divest Jews of Encumbered Estates | 55 | ||
| j) Quia Emptores (1290) | 56 | ||
| k) Milsom’s Observations on Quia Emptores | 57 | ||
| l) Mortmain Statute [De Viris Religiosis] (1279) | 59 | ||
| m) Specific Instances of Subinfeudations ut de vadio | 63 | ||
| n) Westminster II: Elegit | 65 | ||
| VIII. Assize of the Jews (Assisam Judaismi) | 68 | ||
| IX. Conclusion | 76 | ||
| Appendix A: Charters of William de Valence made in Favour of Nicholas Fitzmartin Touching 50 Marks of Yearly Fee-Rent | 78 | ||
| Appendix B: Analysis of Charters | 82 | ||
| Endnotes | 86 | ||
| Bibliography | 123 | ||
| Index | 131 |