Consequences of Modernity in Contemporary Legal Theory
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Consequences of Modernity in Contemporary Legal Theory
Preface by Dieter Wyduckel
Editors: Dais, Eugene E. | Kevelson, Roberta | Van Dunné, Jan M.
Rechtstheorie. Beihefte, Vol. 19
(1998)
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Eine Bilanz der Moderne in Recht, Staat und Gesellschaft läßt zweifelhaft erscheinen, ob das herkömmliche begrifflich-theoretische Instrumentarium den sich allenthalben abzeichnenden Fragestellungen etwa auf den Gebieten der Gentechnologie und Biomedizin, der neuen Medien oder Ökologie noch adäquat ist.Das tradierte Ordnungsmodell der Moderne beruht auf der regulativen Funktion von Recht und Staat, der herausgehobenen Stellung des Individuums und nicht zuletzt auf dem Glauben an eine universale fortschrittsorientierte Vernunft. Diesem Konzept ist inzwischen ein postmodernes Verständnis von Recht und Gesellschaft zur Seite getreten, das durch den Verlust der Zentralität von Recht und Staat, das Versagen des universalen Vernunftanspruchs sowie die Fragmentierung der Rationalität gekennzeichnet ist. Im Gegensatz zur Moderne, die auf die Rationalität und die identitätsbildende Funktion des Nationalstaates setzt, richtet sich die postmoderne Reflexion mehr auf das Regionale und Lokale samt seiner soziokulturellen Besonderheiten und zielt erkenntnistheoretisch auf Kontingenz, ja Beliebigkeit.Wie auch immer der derzeitige Zustand zu beschreiben sein mag, Klarheit besteht darüber, daß eine der globalen Komplexität angemessene Problemanalyse heute nicht mehr allein aus europazentrischer Sicht erfolgen kann. Unter Verknüpfung von regionaler und globaler Perspektive ist das Verhältnis von Zentrum und Peripherie neu zu verorten. Gefragt sind vor allem Formen eines vernetzenden Denkens. Technologisches Handeln wird sich an weltweit zu entwickelnden ethischen Maßstäben zu legitimieren und bewähren haben. In diesem Zusammenhang kommt dem Recht als dynamischem Mittler im langfristigen Zeitablauf eine bedeutende Rolle für gegenwärtige und künftige Generationen zu.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| EDITORIAL PREFACE | V | ||
| PREFACE/VORWORT | VII | ||
| Verhältnis von Moderne und Postmoderne in der zeitgenössischen Rechtstheorie | VII | ||
| CONTENTS | XIII | ||
| I. Religious and Secularized Forms of Democratic Communities | 1 | ||
| Yadh Ben Achour: Nature, Raison et Révélation dans la Philosophie du Droit des Auteurs Sunnites | 3 | ||
| I. Philosophie de Base du Droit Naturel chez les Sunnites | 4 | ||
| II. Les Presupposes du Droit Naturel | 9 | ||
| III. Les Disputes Autour du Fondement et des Methodes d'EIaboration de Ia Regle de Droit | 13 | ||
| IV. Conclusion | 19 | ||
| Raimund Jakob: On Everyday Corruption in Politics. Legal-Psychological Considerations Concerning a Problem of Modern Political Culture | 21 | ||
| I. Everyday Corruption | 21 | ||
| II. The Taboo of the Sovereign | 22 | ||
| III. Doers Instead of Fathers | 24 | ||
| IV. Loss of Reality and Predisposition for Corruption | 25 | ||
| V. Preventive Strategies | 26 | ||
| VI. Conclusion | 27 | ||
| References | 27 | ||
| Angelo Juffras/Oscar Mohl: Democracy versus Theocracy in Israel | 29 | ||
| I. Unrest in the Promised Land | 31 | ||
| II. What Is a Jew? | 34 | ||
| Burton M. Leiser: On the Evil Influence Religion Exerts Upon the Law, and the Benign Rule of Custom in Talmudic Jurisprudence | 39 | ||
| Robert C. L. Moffat: Rights and New Fundamentalisms. New Essays in Toleration | 55 | ||
| José de Sousa e Brito: Ethics, Democratic Reason and Law | 63 | ||
| I. Public Reason in Rawls | 63 | ||
| II. Public Reason in Kant | 65 | ||
| III. Legal Reason and Ethics | 67 | ||
| IV. Democratic Reason | 68 | ||
| Elizabeth Wolgast: Democracy: The Message from Athens | 71 | ||
| I. | 71 | ||
| II. | 74 | ||
| III. | 74 | ||
| IV. | 76 | ||
| V. | 78 | ||
| VI. | 81 | ||
| VII. | 83 | ||
| VIII. | 84 | ||
| II. Modernity of Legal Post-Modernism | 87 | ||
| Ana Julia Bozo De Carmona: Postmodernism, Political Philosophy and Philosophy of Law | 89 | ||
| References | 97 | ||
| Miguel Angel Ciuro Caldani: Iusphilosophical Understanding of Postmodernity (A Trialistic Perspective) | 99 | ||
| I. Basic Characterization of Postmodernity and of the Juridical World's Trialist Theory | 99 | ||
| II. Trialist Characterization of Modernity and Postmodernity | 101 | ||
| 1. Sociological Dimension | 101 | ||
| 2. Normological Dimension | 103 | ||
| 3. Dikelogical Dimension | 105 | ||
| Brendan J. Edgeworth: Legal Postmodernization | 109 | ||
| I. Introduction | 109 | ||
| II. Modernization | 111 | ||
| III. Legal Modernization | 113 | ||
| IV. Postmodernization | 114 | ||
| 1. The State | 115 | ||
| 2. The Economy | 116 | ||
| 3. Society | 117 | ||
| V. Legal Postmodernization | 117 | ||
| VI. Conclusion | 121 | ||
| David Nelken: The Postmodern Frontiers of Law: Regionalism, Globalisation and Crime | 123 | ||
| I. Was Modern Law ever Universalistic? | 123 | ||
| II. Postmodernism, Globalization and Regionalism | 125 | ||
| III. Transnational Crime and the Nation-state | 126 | ||
| References | 129 | ||
| Ota Weinberger: Information and Human Liberty | 131 | ||
| I. The Philosophical Frame and the Task of My Paper | 131 | ||
| II. Action Theoretical View on Information and Information Theoretical Theory of Action | 132 | ||
| III. Action and Institution | 133 | ||
| IV. The Idea of Democracy | 134 | ||
| V. Democracy and Information | 135 | ||
| VI. The Pragmatic Dimension of Information | 137 | ||
| VII. Liberty and Discourse | 138 | ||
| III. Modern Law and Post-Modern Legal Theories | 143 | ||
| Simona Andrini: Post-Modernism and Sociological-Juridical Theories | 145 | ||
| I. Foreword | 145 | ||
| II. Post-Modernism as an Objective Condition | 146 | ||
| III. Post-Modernism as a Subjective Condition | 148 | ||
| IV. Post-Modernism as a Paradigm | 149 | ||
| V. The Dissolution of the Centrality of Law | 149 | ||
| VI. Law, the Mirror of Reality | 151 | ||
| VII. The Fragmentation of Unified Rationality as the Expression of the Centrality of Law | 153 | ||
| References | 155 | ||
| André-Jean Arnaud: Some Challenges to Law Through Post-Modern Thought | 157 | ||
| I. The Epistemological Starting Point | 157 | ||
| II. The Paradigmatic Values of Postmodernism in Law | 162 | ||
| III. Some Paradoxes of a Post-Modern Law | 163 | ||
| Silvana Castignone/Carla Faralli: Legal Realism in Italy | 167 | ||
| I. | 167 | ||
| II. | 168 | ||
| III. | 171 | ||
| References | 174 | ||
| Françoise Michaut: Deconstruction and Legal Theory | 181 | ||
| I. Deconstruction and Legal Reasoning | 183 | ||
| II. Deconstruction and Conceptions of Legal Theory | 187 | ||
| Alfred S. Neely: Law and the Science of Chaos at the End of the 20th Century and Beyond. | 191 | ||
| I. First Premises | 192 | ||
| II. Law and the Assimilation of Scientific Revolutions | 193 | ||
| III. The Chaotic Revolution | 194 | ||
| IV. Law and Chaos | 194 | ||
| References | 196 | ||
| Mark Parascandola: Singular Probabilistic Causation in the Law | 199 | ||
| I. Singular Probabilistic Causation | 199 | ||
| 1. General and Singular Causation | 199 | ||
| 2. Unnecessary and Insufficient Causes | 200 | ||
| II. Causation in Toxic Tort Law | 200 | ||
| III. Proving Cause in Fact | 201 | ||
| IV. The Dual Role of Probability | 201 | ||
| V. The Consequences for Tort Law | 202 | ||
| VI. Diagnosing the Problem | 204 | ||
| VII. Conclusion | 206 | ||
| IV. Genetic Evolution, Bioethics, and the Law | 209 | ||
| Patrizia Borsellino: La Bioéthique: Un Domaine de Confrontation et d’Opposition entre «Modernité» et «Post-Modernité» | 211 | ||
| I. | 211 | ||
| II. | 213 | ||
| III. | 215 | ||
| Richard A. L. Gambitta: Genetic and Technological Transformations and the Station of the Law | 219 | ||
| I. Evolution Dynamies | 220 | ||
| II. Nanotechnology and Molecular Assemblers | 222 | ||
| III. Some Traditional Jurisprudential Thought | 228 | ||
| References | 232 | ||
| François Ost: Law, Technology and the Environment: A Challenge to the Great Dichotomies in Western Rationality | 235 | ||
| I. Epistemology | 236 | ||
| II. Ethics | 239 | ||
| III. Current Legal Practice | 241 | ||
| IV. Conclusion | 245 | ||
| Juha Räikkä: On Global Environmental Ethics. The Uneasy Case for International Preservation of the Rainforest | 247 | ||
| I. Humanitarianism and International Environmental Preservation | 248 | ||
| II. National Boundaries as Morally Relevant | 251 | ||
| III. Global Environmental Obligations | 254 | ||
| References | 257 | ||
| Jacob Dahl Rendtorff: Legislation, Bioethics, Judgement | 259 | ||
| I. Background | 259 | ||
| II. Re-emergence of Consensual Politics? | 260 | ||
| III. Why Make Legislation? | 260 | ||
| IV. State Responsibility for Legal Subjects | 261 | ||
| V. Pressure for Legislation | 262 | ||
| VI. The Argument From the Sacredness of Human Life | 262 | ||
| VII. A Moral Phenomenology | 263 | ||
| VllI. Legitimation Crisis of the Traditional Concepts of Law | 264 | ||
| IX. Abortion Law as a Another Route of Argument | 265 | ||
| X. The Paradigm of Blood Legislation | 266 | ||
| XI. A New Conception of Law | 266 | ||
| XII. A First Example: The French Laws on the Human Body | 268 | ||
| XIII. A Second Example: The German Embryonenschutzgesetz | 269 | ||
| XIV. Conclusion: The Character of Biomedical Law Making Processes | 270 | ||
| References | 270 | ||
| Michael Arthur Simon: Law, Technology and the Environment | 271 | ||
| Mark Van Hoecke: Men, Nature and World View | 281 | ||
| I. Who Is a Moral Agent? | 281 | ||
| II. Individualism or Communitarianism? | 284 | ||
| III. Rationalism or Irrationalism? | 287 | ||
| Carl Wellman: Old Rights and New Medical Technology | 293 | ||
| I. The Right to Life | 293 | ||
| II. The Right to Refuse Treatment | 297 | ||
| III. The Right to Procreate | 301 | ||
| V. Post-Modern Identity and Colonization of the Life-World | 303 | ||
| Wanda Capeller: (Dé)Colonisation Culturelle ou «l’Habitude de Singer tout ce qui Est Étranger»: Réflexions sur le Postmodernisme dans un Pays Tropical | 305 | ||
| I. Les Desherites de la Modernite | 306 | ||
| II. Le Dilemme de l' Acces a la Modernite | 308 | ||
| III. La Chasse a la Modernite et sa Cannibalisation | 309 | ||
| IV. La «Cacophonie Epistemologique» | 312 | ||
| V. Le Postmodernisme Tropical | 316 | ||
| VI. Post Scriptum | 318 | ||
| References | 318 | ||
| Miguel Angel Herrera Zgaib: Typologies of Access to Justice in Colombia (1976–1995) | 321 | ||
| I. The Present Justice's Debate in Colombia | 321 | ||
| II. A Historical Periodization of Access to Justice in Contemporary Colombia (1976 - 1995) | 323 | ||
| 1. The First Wave: Looking for a Universal Justice (1976 - 1985) | 323 | ||
| 2. The Second Wave: Peace and Assistance to Absolute Poverty (1985 - 1990) | 325 | ||
| 3. The Third Wave: The New Constitution and The Justice's Reform (1991 - 1993) | 327 | ||
| 4. The Fourth Wave: An Integral Access to Justice? (1994 - ?) | 329 | ||
| Valentin Petev: Shall We Need a New Law for the 21st Century? | 333 | ||
| I. What Is tbe Contemporary Society Like? | 333 | ||
| II. Is Contemporary Law Deficient? | 335 | ||
| III. Salient Features of Future Law | 338 | ||
| References | 341 | ||
| Luis Villar Borda: New Regional and Territorial Arrangement Policy in Colombia | 343 | ||
| I. The Decentralization Trend | 346 | ||
| II. Election of Mayors | 346 | ||
| III. The 1991 Constitution | 347 | ||
| IV. The New Territorial Organization | 349 | ||
| V. Regionalization | 350 | ||
| VI. Municipal Organization | 354 | ||
| VI. On Feminist Jurisprudence in a Post-Modern Age | 357 | ||
| Letizia Gianformaggio: Time and Work – Private and Public | 359 | ||
| I. | 360 | ||
| II. | 361 | ||
| III. | 362 | ||
| IV. | 365 | ||
| V. | 367 | ||
| Marjet J. Gunning: In the Right Time. The End of the Woman-Identity in Law or Equality as the Right to Differ | 369 | ||
| I. Introduction | 369 | ||
| II. The Prisons we Choose to Live Inside... | 370 | ||
| III. ...But Not Anymore | 371 | ||
| IV. Taking Time Seriously | 372 | ||
| V. Le Temps Perdu | 373 | ||
| VI. Progressists | 374 | ||
| VII. Cyclists | 376 | ||
| VIII. Le Temps Retrouve | 377 | ||
| IX. The End of the Woman-Identity in Law | 378 | ||
| X. Equality as the Right to Differ | 379 | ||
| XI. Conclusions | 381 | ||
| References | 382 | ||
| Virginia Held: Feminist Morality and Rights | 385 | ||
| I. The Development of an Ethic of Care | 387 | ||
| II. Feminist Ethics and Legal Rights | 388 | ||
| III. Persons and Society | 394 | ||
| Barbara Ann Hocking/Alison Smith: Poetic (In)Justice: Women, Relationships and Nervous Shock Law | 397 | ||
| I. Introduction | 397 | ||
| II. Critiques of Tort Law | 398 | ||
| III. Feminist Perspectives on Tort Law | 399 | ||
| IV. Sexual Harassment of Working Women: Highlighting Tort Law's Inadequacies | 401 | ||
| V. Tort Law and the Gendered Nature of Darm | 402 | ||
| VI. Nervous Shock: Occasional Recognition of Women's Frailty or Mothers' Rights? | 403 | ||
| VII. Major Recent Cases | 404 | ||
| VIII. Conclusion | 408 | ||
| Patricia Smith: Motherhood, Equality and Legal Change | 411 | ||
| Alina Zvinkliene: Women’s Rights in Lithuanian Constitution | 425 | ||
| I. Preface | 425 | ||
| II. Sociology Towards Human Rights | 425 | ||
| III. Equal Rights Traditions in Lithuania | 427 | ||
| IV. Equality Between the Sexes Under the New Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania | 430 | ||
| V. Inference | 432 | ||
| References | 432 | ||
| List of the Authors | 435 | ||
| General Index | 438 |