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Consequences of Modernity in Contemporary Legal Theory

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Dais, E., Kevelson, R., Van Dunné, J. (Eds.) (1998). Consequences of Modernity in Contemporary Legal Theory. Preface by Dieter Wyduckel. Duncker & Humblot. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-49240-4
Dais, Eugene E.; Kevelson, Roberta and Van Dunné, Jan M.. Consequences of Modernity in Contemporary Legal Theory: Preface by Dieter Wyduckel. Duncker & Humblot, 1998. Book. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-49240-4
Dais, E, Kevelson, R, Van Dunné, J (eds.) (1998): Consequences of Modernity in Contemporary Legal Theory: Preface by Dieter Wyduckel, Duncker & Humblot, [online] https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-49240-4

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Consequences of Modernity in Contemporary Legal Theory

Preface by Dieter Wyduckel

Editors: Dais, Eugene E. | Kevelson, Roberta | Van Dunné, Jan M.

Rechtstheorie. Beihefte, Vol. 19

(1998)

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Abstract

Eine Bilanz der Moderne in Recht, Staat und Gesellschaft läßt zweifelhaft erscheinen, ob das herkömmliche begrifflich-theoretische Instrumentarium den sich allenthalben abzeichnenden Fragestellungen etwa auf den Gebieten der Gentechnologie und Biomedizin, der neuen Medien oder Ökologie noch adäquat ist.

Das tradierte Ordnungsmodell der Moderne beruht auf der regulativen Funktion von Recht und Staat, der herausgehobenen Stellung des Individuums und nicht zuletzt auf dem Glauben an eine universale fortschrittsorientierte Vernunft. Diesem Konzept ist inzwischen ein postmodernes Verständnis von Recht und Gesellschaft zur Seite getreten, das durch den Verlust der Zentralität von Recht und Staat, das Versagen des universalen Vernunftanspruchs sowie die Fragmentierung der Rationalität gekennzeichnet ist. Im Gegensatz zur Moderne, die auf die Rationalität und die identitätsbildende Funktion des Nationalstaates setzt, richtet sich die postmoderne Reflexion mehr auf das Regionale und Lokale samt seiner soziokulturellen Besonderheiten und zielt erkenntnistheoretisch auf Kontingenz, ja Beliebigkeit.

Wie auch immer der derzeitige Zustand zu beschreiben sein mag, Klarheit besteht darüber, daß eine der globalen Komplexität angemessene Problemanalyse heute nicht mehr allein aus europazentrischer Sicht erfolgen kann. Unter Verknüpfung von regionaler und globaler Perspektive ist das Verhältnis von Zentrum und Peripherie neu zu verorten. Gefragt sind vor allem Formen eines vernetzenden Denkens. Technologisches Handeln wird sich an weltweit zu entwickelnden ethischen Maßstäben zu legitimieren und bewähren haben. In diesem Zusammenhang kommt dem Recht als dynamischem Mittler im langfristigen Zeitablauf eine bedeutende Rolle für gegenwärtige und künftige Generationen zu.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
EDITORIAL PREFACE V
PREFACE/VORWORT VII
Verhältnis von Moderne und Postmoderne in der zeitgenössischen Rechtstheorie VII
CONTENTS XIII
I. Religious and Secularized Forms of Democratic Communities 1
Yadh Ben Achour: Nature, Raison et Révélation dans la Philosophie du Droit des Auteurs Sunnites 3
I. Philosophie de Base du Droit Naturel chez les Sunnites 4
II. Les Presupposes du Droit Naturel 9
III. Les Disputes Autour du Fondement et des Methodes d'EIaboration de Ia Regle de Droit 13
IV. Conclusion 19
Raimund Jakob: On Everyday Corruption in Politics. Legal-Psychological Considerations Concerning a Problem of Modern Political Culture 21
I. Everyday Corruption 21
II. The Taboo of the Sovereign 22
III. Doers Instead of Fathers 24
IV. Loss of Reality and Predisposition for Corruption 25
V. Preventive Strategies 26
VI. Conclusion 27
References 27
Angelo Juffras/Oscar Mohl: Democracy versus Theocracy in Israel 29
I. Unrest in the Promised Land 31
II. What Is a Jew? 34
Burton M. Leiser: On the Evil Influence Religion Exerts Upon the Law, and the Benign Rule of Custom in Talmudic Jurisprudence 39
Robert C. L. Moffat: Rights and New Fundamentalisms. New Essays in Toleration 55
José de Sousa e Brito: Ethics, Democratic Reason and Law 63
I. Public Reason in Rawls 63
II. Public Reason in Kant 65
III. Legal Reason and Ethics 67
IV. Democratic Reason 68
Elizabeth Wolgast: Democracy: The Message from Athens 71
I. 71
II. 74
III. 74
IV. 76
V. 78
VI. 81
VII. 83
VIII. 84
II. Modernity of Legal Post-Modernism 87
Ana Julia Bozo De Carmona: Postmodernism, Political Philosophy and Philosophy of Law 89
References 97
Miguel Angel Ciuro Caldani: Iusphilosophical Understanding of Postmodernity (A Trialistic Perspective) 99
I. Basic Characterization of Postmodernity and of the Juridical World's Trialist Theory 99
II. Trialist Characterization of Modernity and Postmodernity 101
1. Sociological Dimension 101
2. Normological Dimension 103
3. Dikelogical Dimension 105
Brendan J. Edgeworth: Legal Postmodernization 109
I. Introduction 109
II. Modernization 111
III. Legal Modernization 113
IV. Postmodernization 114
1. The State 115
2. The Economy 116
3. Society 117
V. Legal Postmodernization 117
VI. Conclusion 121
David Nelken: The Postmodern Frontiers of Law: Regionalism, Globalisation and Crime 123
I. Was Modern Law ever Universalistic? 123
II. Postmodernism, Globalization and Regionalism 125
III. Transnational Crime and the Nation-state 126
References 129
Ota Weinberger: Information and Human Liberty 131
I. The Philosophical Frame and the Task of My Paper 131
II. Action Theoretical View on Information and Information Theoretical Theory of Action 132
III. Action and Institution 133
IV. The Idea of Democracy 134
V. Democracy and Information 135
VI. The Pragmatic Dimension of Information 137
VII. Liberty and Discourse 138
III. Modern Law and Post-Modern Legal Theories 143
Simona Andrini: Post-Modernism and Sociological-Juridical Theories 145
I. Foreword 145
II. Post-Modernism as an Objective Condition 146
III. Post-Modernism as a Subjective Condition 148
IV. Post-Modernism as a Paradigm 149
V. The Dissolution of the Centrality of Law 149
VI. Law, the Mirror of Reality 151
VII. The Fragmentation of Unified Rationality as the Expression of the Centrality of Law 153
References 155
André-Jean Arnaud: Some Challenges to Law Through Post-Modern Thought 157
I. The Epistemological Starting Point 157
II. The Paradigmatic Values of Postmodernism in Law 162
III. Some Paradoxes of a Post-Modern Law 163
Silvana Castignone/Carla Faralli: Legal Realism in Italy 167
I. 167
II. 168
III. 171
References 174
Françoise Michaut: Deconstruction and Legal Theory 181
I. Deconstruction and Legal Reasoning 183
II. Deconstruction and Conceptions of Legal Theory 187
Alfred S. Neely: Law and the Science of Chaos at the End of the 20th Century and Beyond. 191
I. First Premises 192
II. Law and the Assimilation of Scientific Revolutions 193
III. The Chaotic Revolution 194
IV. Law and Chaos 194
References 196
Mark Parascandola: Singular Probabilistic Causation in the Law 199
I. Singular Probabilistic Causation 199
1. General and Singular Causation 199
2. Unnecessary and Insufficient Causes 200
II. Causation in Toxic Tort Law 200
III. Proving Cause in Fact 201
IV. The Dual Role of Probability 201
V. The Consequences for Tort Law 202
VI. Diagnosing the Problem 204
VII. Conclusion 206
IV. Genetic Evolution, Bioethics, and the Law 209
Patrizia Borsellino: La Bioéthique: Un Domaine de Confrontation et d’Opposition entre «Modernité» et «Post-Modernité» 211
I. 211
II. 213
III. 215
Richard A. L. Gambitta: Genetic and Technological Transformations and the Station of the Law 219
I. Evolution Dynamies 220
II. Nanotechnology and Molecular Assemblers 222
III. Some Traditional Jurisprudential Thought 228
References 232
François Ost: Law, Technology and the Environment: A Challenge to the Great Dichotomies in Western Rationality 235
I. Epistemology 236
II. Ethics 239
III. Current Legal Practice 241
IV. Conclusion 245
Juha Räikkä: On Global Environmental Ethics. The Uneasy Case for International Preservation of the Rainforest 247
I. Humanitarianism and International Environmental Preservation 248
II. National Boundaries as Morally Relevant 251
III. Global Environmental Obligations 254
References 257
Jacob Dahl Rendtorff: Legislation, Bioethics, Judgement 259
I. Background 259
II. Re-emergence of Consensual Politics? 260
III. Why Make Legislation? 260
IV. State Responsibility for Legal Subjects 261
V. Pressure for Legislation 262
VI. The Argument From the Sacredness of Human Life 262
VII. A Moral Phenomenology 263
VllI. Legitimation Crisis of the Traditional Concepts of Law 264
IX. Abortion Law as a Another Route of Argument 265
X. The Paradigm of Blood Legislation 266
XI. A New Conception of Law 266
XII. A First Example: The French Laws on the Human Body 268
XIII. A Second Example: The German Embryonenschutzgesetz 269
XIV. Conclusion: The Character of Biomedical Law Making Processes 270
References 270
Michael Arthur Simon: Law, Technology and the Environment 271
Mark Van Hoecke: Men, Nature and World View 281
I. Who Is a Moral Agent? 281
II. Individualism or Communitarianism? 284
III. Rationalism or Irrationalism? 287
Carl Wellman: Old Rights and New Medical Technology 293
I. The Right to Life 293
II. The Right to Refuse Treatment 297
III. The Right to Procreate 301
V. Post-Modern Identity and Colonization of the Life-World 303
Wanda Capeller: (Dé)Colonisation Culturelle ou «l’Habitude de Singer tout ce qui Est Étranger»: Réflexions sur le Postmodernisme dans un Pays Tropical 305
I. Les Desherites de la Modernite 306
II. Le Dilemme de l' Acces a la Modernite 308
III. La Chasse a la Modernite et sa Cannibalisation 309
IV. La «Cacophonie Epistemologique» 312
V. Le Postmodernisme Tropical 316
VI. Post Scriptum 318
References 318
Miguel Angel Herrera Zgaib: Typologies of Access to Justice in Colombia (1976–1995) 321
I. The Present Justice's Debate in Colombia 321
II. A Historical Periodization of Access to Justice in Contemporary Colombia (1976 - 1995) 323
1. The First Wave: Looking for a Universal Justice (1976 - 1985) 323
2. The Second Wave: Peace and Assistance to Absolute Poverty (1985 - 1990) 325
3. The Third Wave: The New Constitution and The Justice's Reform (1991 - 1993) 327
4. The Fourth Wave: An Integral Access to Justice? (1994 - ?) 329
Valentin Petev: Shall We Need a New Law for the 21st Century? 333
I. What Is tbe Contemporary Society Like? 333
II. Is Contemporary Law Deficient? 335
III. Salient Features of Future Law 338
References 341
Luis Villar Borda: New Regional and Territorial Arrangement Policy in Colombia 343
I. The Decentralization Trend 346
II. Election of Mayors 346
III. The 1991 Constitution 347
IV. The New Territorial Organization 349
V. Regionalization 350
VI. Municipal Organization 354
VI. On Feminist Jurisprudence in a Post-Modern Age 357
Letizia Gianformaggio: Time and Work – Private and Public 359
I. 360
II. 361
III. 362
IV. 365
V. 367
Marjet J. Gunning: In the Right Time. The End of the Woman-Identity in Law or Equality as the Right to Differ 369
I. Introduction 369
II. The Prisons we Choose to Live Inside... 370
III. ...But Not Anymore 371
IV. Taking Time Seriously 372
V. Le Temps Perdu 373
VI. Progressists 374
VII. Cyclists 376
VIII. Le Temps Retrouve 377
IX. The End of the Woman-Identity in Law 378
X. Equality as the Right to Differ 379
XI. Conclusions 381
References 382
Virginia Held: Feminist Morality and Rights 385
I. The Development of an Ethic of Care 387
II. Feminist Ethics and Legal Rights 388
III. Persons and Society 394
Barbara Ann Hocking/Alison Smith: Poetic (In)Justice: Women, Relationships and Nervous Shock Law 397
I. Introduction 397
II. Critiques of Tort Law 398
III. Feminist Perspectives on Tort Law 399
IV. Sexual Harassment of Working Women: Highlighting Tort Law's Inadequacies 401
V. Tort Law and the Gendered Nature of Darm 402
VI. Nervous Shock: Occasional Recognition of Women's Frailty or Mothers' Rights? 403
VII. Major Recent Cases 404
VIII. Conclusion 408
Patricia Smith: Motherhood, Equality and Legal Change 411
Alina Zvinkliene: Women’s Rights in Lithuanian Constitution 425
I. Preface 425
II. Sociology Towards Human Rights 425
III. Equal Rights Traditions in Lithuania 427
IV. Equality Between the Sexes Under the New Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania 430
V. Inference 432
References 432
List of the Authors 435
General Index 438