Changing Structures in Modern Legal Systems and the Legal State Ideology
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Bulygin, E., Leiser, B., Van Hoecke, M. (Eds.) (1998). Changing Structures in Modern Legal Systems and the Legal State Ideology. Preface by Aulis Aarnio. Duncker & Humblot. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-49147-6
Bulygin, Eugenio; Leiser, Burton M. and Van Hoecke, Mark. Changing Structures in Modern Legal Systems and the Legal State Ideology: Preface by Aulis Aarnio. Duncker & Humblot, 1998. Book. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-49147-6
Bulygin, E, Leiser, B, Van Hoecke, M (eds.) (1998): Changing Structures in Modern Legal Systems and the Legal State Ideology: Preface by Aulis Aarnio, Duncker & Humblot, [online] https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-49147-6
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Changing Structures in Modern Legal Systems and the Legal State Ideology
Preface by Aulis Aarnio
Editors: Bulygin, Eugenio | Leiser, Burton M. | Van Hoecke, Mark
Rechtstheorie. Beihefte, Vol. 18
(1998)
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Abstract
In den staatlich organisierten Rechtssystemen der modernen Gesellschaft vollzieht sich gegenwärtig ein rascher Wandel. Er ist nicht nur dadurch bedingt, daß in zahlreichen Regionalgesellschaften die vormals ganz unangefochtene, prominente Rolle des Staates in einer tiefgreifenden Veränderung und Transformation begriffen ist. Auch die Staatengemeinschaften, wie die Europäische Union, aber auch die internationale Völkergemeinschaft befinden sich in Umbildung.Die Idee des modernen Rechtsstaats hat - unbeschadet ihrer vielfältigen Erfolge in der Vergangenheit - als alleiniges Strukturprinzip rechtlicher Gemeinschaftsbildung an innovativer Wirkkraft eingebüßt, wenn es darum geht, auf der Ebene normativer Strukturbildung des Rechts eine verläßliche Ausgangsbasis nicht nur für »state legal systems«, sondern auch für »non-state legal systems« zu schaffen. Es geht hier nicht, national wie international betrachtet, um eine Art Transplantation von Prinzipien und Regeln, sondern um eine politisch-rechtliche und moralische Erneuerung der Grundlagen des geltenden Rechts.Zur rechtsideologischen Aufklärung der gegenwärtig anstehenden Probleme in diversen Rechtskulturen wollen die hier zusammengefaßten Untersuchungen und Forschungen beitragen, die aus Anlaß des 17. Weltkongresses der Internationalen Vereinigung für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie (IVR) in Bologna vorgelegt wurden.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| EDITORIAL PREFACE | V | ||
| PREFACE | VII | ||
| On the Legal State Ideology in the Modern Society | VII | ||
| CONTENTS | XVII | ||
| I. New Legal Cultures and Normative Structures in a Global Community | 1 | ||
| Percy Black: Babel of Cultures: Challenge to Law in the 1990’s and Beyond | 3 | ||
| I. How Are Good Persons Made? | 4 | ||
| II. How Are Bad Persons Made? | 5 | ||
| III. What Makes Restive Subgroups Restive? | 6 | ||
| IV. Why Are Western Hosts Upset About Immigrants? | 7 | ||
| V. How Do Immigrants See Themselves? | 10 | ||
| VI. Strategies of Hope | 11 | ||
| 1. Rights and Obligations of Host and Immigrant | 11 | ||
| 2. Birthing of a Universal Immigrant Ethic | 11 | ||
| 3. Permanent Cultural Liaison Commissions | 12 | ||
| 4. Uphold the Model Immigrant | 12 | ||
| 5. Establish Joint Ventures Toward Superordinate Goals | 13 | ||
| 6. Dismantle Global Stereotypes | 13 | ||
| VII. Concluding Comment | 13 | ||
| References | 14 | ||
| Robert D’Amico: Three Kinds of Argument in Modern Political Philosophy: The Example of Populism | 17 | ||
| I. Institutional Design Type Arguments | 18 | ||
| II. Structural Constraint-Type Arguments | 20 | ||
| III. Moral Assessment Arguments | 24 | ||
| IV. Conclusion | 26 | ||
| James F. Doyle: Legal Accommodation of Social Diversity | 27 | ||
| I. | 27 | ||
| II. | 28 | ||
| III. | 30 | ||
| Kevin T. Jackson: Sovereignty, Citizenship, and the Global Community: When Domestic Courts Adjudicate International Human Rights | 33 | ||
| I. Introduction | 33 | ||
| II. Sovereignty and International Human Rights | 33 | ||
| III. Citizenship and Dworkin's "Community of Principle" | 48 | ||
| IV. Interpreting Rights for the Global Community | 50 | ||
| 1. "Constructive" Interpretation | 53 | ||
| 2. "Structural" Interpretation | 55 | ||
| 3. Habermas' "Psychoanalytic" Interpretation | 56 | ||
| 4. Interpreting Human Rights | 59 | ||
| 5. The "Universal Audience" | 62 | ||
| 6. Finding Community Consensus | 64 | ||
| 7. Justifying Legal Theories | 67 | ||
| 8. Counterfactual Acceptability | 67 | ||
| 9. Conflict and Convergence | 69 | ||
| V. Conclusion | 70 | ||
| Gerhard Sprenger: Collective Morality and the Legitimation of Law | 73 | ||
| I. Law and Public Morality | 73 | ||
| ll. The Everyday World and its Ethos | 74 | ||
| III. Public Morality: Its Strangeness | 77 | ||
| IV. Public Morality: Its Meaning | 80 | ||
| References | 83 | ||
| Antonio Tarantino: Person, Nature of Institutions and Sovereignty | 85 | ||
| I. | 85 | ||
| II. | 86 | ||
| III. | 88 | ||
| IV. | 89 | ||
| II. Rule of Law in National and International Communities | 93 | ||
| Erwin Bader: Theoretical Problems of Democracy and Law with Austria’s Joining the EU | 95 | ||
| Uta U. Bindreiter: Motivating the Direct Applicability of Community Law | 105 | ||
| I. Introduction | 105 | ||
| II. The Legitimation of Directly Applicable Norms | 106 | ||
| 1. External Point of View | 106 | ||
| 2. Internal Point of View | 108 | ||
| III. Legal-Internal Legitimation | 109 | ||
| 1. Monistic Systems | 109 | ||
| 2. Dualistic Systems | 112 | ||
| IV. The Wider Perspective: A Moral/Functional Justification of Directly Applicable Norms | 114 | ||
| Anna N. Georgiadou: Nouvelles Formes de la Souveraineté et l’Union Européenne | 117 | ||
| I. Introduction | 117 | ||
| II. L'Union Europeenne entre deux formes de Souverainete | 118 | ||
| 1. Souverainete «unique» ou souverainete «communautarisee» | 118 | ||
| 2. Souverainete «multinationale» | 120 | ||
| III. Vers une Nouvelle Forme de la Souverainete Etatique dansle cadre de l'Union Europeenne | 122 | ||
| 1. La citoyennete europeenne comme concept nouveau de la notion de la souverainete en general | 122 | ||
| 2. La citoyennete europeenne comme droit politique nouveau influençant la souverainete etatique dans le cadre de I'Union Europeenne | 124 | ||
| Roberta Kevelson: Crises in International Law: Signs and Symptoms | 129 | ||
| I. | 129 | ||
| II. | 138 | ||
| III. | 142 | ||
| Lech Morawski: The Rule of Law in the Welfare State | 147 | ||
| I. | 147 | ||
| II. | 148 | ||
| III. | 151 | ||
| IV. | 152 | ||
| III. Law and Economics | 155 | ||
| Philippe Gérard: Fairness, Consent and Political Obligation | 157 | ||
| I. Fairness and Cooperation | 158 | ||
| II. The Acceptance of Benefits | 162 | ||
| Peter Lewisch: Doorkeepers of Justice? The Legal Services of Judges and Lawyers in an Economic Perspective | 169 | ||
| I. Introduction | 169 | ||
| II. The Behavior of Judges | 169 | ||
| III. The Behavior of Lawyers | 174 | ||
| IV. Concluding Remarks | 179 | ||
| William N. R. Lucy / Catherine Mitchell: The Case for Stewardship | 181 | ||
| I. Preliminaries | 181 | ||
| II. A Dysfunctional Concept | 182 | ||
| III. Between Private Property and Common Property | 184 | ||
| IV. Understanding Stewardship | 185 | ||
| V. The Promise of Stewardship | 190 | ||
| Christian Schmidt: The Distinction Between “Public” and “Private”. An Economic Perspective | 193 | ||
| I. Introduction | 193 | ||
| II. Two Examples of the Intricate Relationship Between Private and Public in Economies | 194 | ||
| 1. The Market System | 194 | ||
| 2. The Voting System | 195 | ||
| III. Are Economic Goods Necessarily "Private" or "Public"? | 196 | ||
| 1. Samuelson's Discrete Distinction | 196 | ||
| 2. A Continuum of Mixed Situations Between "Pure Public" and "Pure Private" Goods | 198 | ||
| 3. From Goods to Individuals: The Group Dimension | 201 | ||
| IV. Public Choice Versus Social Choice | 202 | ||
| 1. Questioning the Social Choice Function | 202 | ||
| 2. Is Public Choice a Private Matter? | 206 | ||
| 3. Towards Distinctions Based on Public and Private Information | 210 | ||
| References | 211 | ||
| Herbert Wagner: Some Observations to the Relation on Law and Economy | 215 | ||
| Ross Zucker: Democracy and Economic Justice | 225 | ||
| I. Introduction | 225 | ||
| II. Basic Definition of Democracy | 226 | ||
| III. Democracy and Primary Economic Rights | 228 | ||
| IV. Constitutional Democracy and Economic Rights | 230 | ||
| V. Substantive Democracy: Prospective or Specified | 232 | ||
| VI. Democracy as Rule Respecting Egalitarian Property | 233 | ||
| VII. Theory of Rights or Choice of Rights | 235 | ||
| VIII. Criteria for the Democratic Process | 237 | ||
| IX. Substantive Democracy and Rights: Are Substantive Rights Internal to Democracy or Internal to Justice? | 239 | ||
| X. Substantive Democracy and the Problem of Specificity | 240 | ||
| XI. Property and the Theory of Social Rights | 240 | ||
| XII. Can There Be a Speculative Theory of Rights? | 242 | ||
| References | 246 | ||
| IV. Community Consensus and Individual Rights | 247 | ||
| Anne F. Bayefsky: Cultural Sovereignty, Relativism, and International Human Rights: New Excuses for Old Strategies | 249 | ||
| I. Introduction | 249 | ||
| II. The Practical Realities of Cultural Sovereignty | 250 | ||
| 1. The Protagonists | 250 | ||
| a) Example 1 | 250 | ||
| b) Example 2 | 254 | ||
| c) Example 3 | 259 | ||
| d) Conclusion | 260 | ||
| 2. The Respondents | 261 | ||
| III. Tbe Theoretical Underpinnings of Cultural Sovereignty | 263 | ||
| Gustavo Gozzi: Fundamental Rights and Democratic Constitution. Trends in the Contemporary Debate in the Federal Republic of Germany | 269 | ||
| I. Beyond Weimar | 269 | ||
| II. Fundamental Rights as Subjective Rights and as Objective Norms | 271 | ||
| III. The Constitution as Fundamental Order (Grundordnung) and as Framework Order (Rahmenordnung) | 273 | ||
| IV. Rights and the Intervention State | 274 | ||
| V. Rights and Procedures | 276 | ||
| VI. Rights and Aims of the State | 278 | ||
| VII. The Democratic Constitution | 282 | ||
| Leszek Leszczyñski: Social Rights in Central and East European Constitutions: A Problem of Method of Regulation | 285 | ||
| I. The Social Change | 285 | ||
| II. The Scale of Regulation | 286 | ||
| III. The Implementation | 288 | ||
| IV. Some Comparisons | 292 | ||
| Bente Puntervold Bø: Law and Asylum: The Use of Legal Means to Limit the Responsibility of the Nation State Towards Refugees | 295 | ||
| I. Introduction | 295 | ||
| II. From Material to Procedural Laws | 297 | ||
| III. The Limitation of the Moral Scope of Law | 297 | ||
| IV. Legal Means are Used by the State Administration to Limit the Number of Asylum-Seekers and Refugees | 298 | ||
| 1. By Inventing New "Legal" Concepts | 298 | ||
| 2. By Limiting the Scope of Existing Legal Concepts | 299 | ||
| a) Personal Target as a Requirement | 300 | ||
| b) Agents of Perseeution | 301 | ||
| c) Time in Prison | 301 | ||
| d) First Country of Asylum | 302 | ||
| 3. By Creating New Legal Obstacles Which Block the Access to the Refugee Determination Procedures | 302 | ||
| 4. The Use of "Innocent Language" to Justify this Policy | 303 | ||
| V. Conclusion: The Moral Concerns | 303 | ||
| Rosemary C. Salomone: Individual Rights, Community Consensus, and National Goals: The Challenge for Education in a Pluralistic Society | 305 | ||
| I. Introduction | 305 | ||
| II. History of the Common School | 309 | ||
| III. A View from the Courts | 313 | ||
| IV. A Search for Common Ground | 316 | ||
| V. Conclusion | 320 | ||
| Roman A. Tokarczyk: The Paradigm of Social Contract | 321 | ||
| I. A Definition of the Social Contract | 321 | ||
| II. The Forms of the Social Contract | 321 | ||
| III. The Origins of Contractualism | 322 | ||
| IV. Contractualism in Antiquity | 324 | ||
| V. Contractualism in the Middle Ages | 326 | ||
| VI. Modern Contractualism | 327 | ||
| VII. Contemporary Contractualism | 329 | ||
| VIII. The Model of Contractualism | 331 | ||
| IX. Contractualism Criticised | 332 | ||
| X. The Significance of Contractualism | 334 | ||
| Guodong Xu: Freedom of Migration and Difference Between City and Countryside – From the Point of View of Marxism | 337 | ||
| I. | 337 | ||
| II. | 340 | ||
| III. | 345 | ||
| IV. | 348 | ||
| V. Conformity and Deviance in Legal Behaviour – Legal Change in Criminal Law | 351 | ||
| Mario A. Cattaneo: Punishment and Human Rights | 353 | ||
| I. Introduction | 353 | ||
| ll. The Purpose of Punishment | 355 | ||
| III. Legality and Security of Law | 356 | ||
| IV. Humanity and Punishment | 356 | ||
| V. Conclusion: Has a Man a Right to Judge and to Condemn Another Human Being? | 357 | ||
| Wesley Cragg: Mens Rea and its Twentieth Century Critics | 361 | ||
| I. | 365 | ||
| II. | 368 | ||
| III. | 373 | ||
| References | 375 | ||
| Patrick J. Hurley: American Criminal Defense in the Next Millennium | 377 | ||
| Hendrik Kaptein: Jumping to Conclusions in Criminal Law. Facts, Offenses and the Logic of Loose Ends in Between | 385 | ||
| I. Horses Behind Carts, Dead Cats, Criminal Court Proceedings & Careless Dress | 385 | ||
| II. The Need for Decisive Evidence in Criminal Law Reversal of the Burden of Proof? | 387 | ||
| III. Four Kinds of Criminal Evidence - Still More Problems With Criminal Evidence - Unbridgeable Gaps Between Evidence and the Facts of the Charge? | 388 | ||
| IV. Jumping to Conclusions: Simple Logic Clarifying Complex Stories | 389 | ||
| V. Facts, Stories, Probabilities and the Logic of Justification | 391 | ||
| VI. One Last Cart Put Before Horses: Lack of Certainty Leading to Criminal Law Reform? | 392 | ||
| References | 393 | ||
| Vincent Luizzi: New Technologies, New Punishments, and New Thoughts About Punishment | 395 | ||
| Lorenz Schulz: Time and Law. How Life-World Acceleration Affects Imputation in Criminal Law | 405 | ||
| I. | 406 | ||
| II. | 410 | ||
| III. | 411 | ||
| List of the Authors | 415 | ||
| General Index | 418 |