Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigsten Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen

doi:10.3790/978-3-428-47980-1

Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigsten Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen

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Engler, A., Harms, H., Mattfeld, J., Werdermann, E., Eckardt, T., Melchior, H., Hiepko, P. (Eds.) (1995). Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigsten Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen. Unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher hervorragender Fachgelehrter begr. von A. Engler / K. Prantl. Bd. 17a IV: ANGIOSPERMAE: Ordnung Ranunculales, Fam. Ranunculaceae. 2. Duncker & Humblot. https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-47980-1

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Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigsten Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen

Unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher hervorragender Fachgelehrter begr. von A. Engler / K. Prantl. Bd. 17a IV: ANGIOSPERMAE: Ordnung Ranunculales, Fam. Ranunculaceae

(1995)

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Publisher Name: Duncker & Humblot
ISBN: 978-3-428-47980-1
978-3-428-07980-3 (print edition)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-47980-1
Edition: 2
Language: English
Pages: 568
Collections: NBE D&H
Subjects: Botany & plant sciences

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Institution: € 270.00 (incl. local VAT if applicable)
Individual: € 179.90 (incl. local VAT if applicable)

Abstract

The second volume of »Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien« is presented now in the new format: the book contains an extensive General Part including contributions of different authors specializing in various fields of botany and it is written mainly in English. The first volume of this kind on the family Loganiaceae was published in 1980.

The Ranunculaceae is a moderately large family with 59 genera and ca. 2500 species. Many of these have beautiful flowers or substances with strong physiological activity. They are used as ornamental or medicinal plants. This family shows great diversity in both vegetative and reproductive structures as well as in ecology. It retains many primitive characters and is regarded as one of the most primitive angiospermous families, but on the other hand it often presents quite specialized or advanced features. Therefore the family has attracted attention of many botanists from various points of view, and its members have been studied not only taxonomically, but also morphologically, anatomically, embryologically, palynologically, cytologically, phytochemically, serologically, and so on. Thus the Ranunculaceae are indeed an intensively studied family. The main author of this book, M. Tamura has been studying the family taxonomically for more than 40 years.

In the history of the taxonomic studies of the Ranunculaceae, there were three monumental works. The first is that of A. P. De Candolle. In the first volume of his »Systema Naturale« (1817) the family has been monographed at the species level for the first time. His work was excellent and gave a sound base to the taxonomy of the family and influenced the subsequent work for a long time. The second monograph at the generic level is that of K. Prantl (1888) which appeared in »Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien«. This author used anatomical and embryological characters, in addition to traditional morphological ones for the classification of the family, and tried to make a phylogenetic …

Section Title	Page	Action	Price
PREFACE	V
AUTHORS	VI
ILLUSTRATIONS (all originals if not otherwise stated)	VI
CONTENTS	VII
M. TAMURA: INTRODUCTION	XI
I. GENERAL PART	1
1. HISTORY OF THE FAMILY. By M. TAMURA	3
2. HABIT AND OUTER MORPHOLOGY OF THE VEGETATIVE ORGANS. By M. TAMURA	6
2.1. AERIAL SHOOT	6
2.2. GEOPHILOUS ORGANS	7
2.3. PHYLLOTAXY	11
2.4. LEAF	14
2.5. ONTOGENETIC DEVELOPMENT OF LEAVES	21
3. ANATOMY OF THE VEGETATIVE ORGANS. By M. TAMURA	26
3.1. GENERAL ANATOMICAL FEATURES	26
3.2. ANATOMY OF THE STEM	27
3.2.1. Anatomy of the aerial stem	27
3.2.2. Nodal anatomy	30
3.2.3. Anatomy of the rhizome	31
3.3. ANATOMY OF THE ROOT	33
3.4. PETIOLE ANATOMY	36
3.4.1. Vascular behavior	36
3.4.2. Mechanical tissues	40
4. REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES. By M. TAMURA	41
4.1. INFLORESCENCE	41
4.2. RECEPTACLE	47
4.3. GENERAL COMPOSITION OF THE FLOWER	49
4.4. CALYX	52
4.5. COROLLA	53
4.6. ANDROECIUM	61
4.7. GYNOECIUM	61
4.8. FRUIT	66
4.9. GERMINATION	69
5. KARYOLOGY. By M. TAMURA	77
5.1. SUBDIVISION OF THE FAMILY BY THE CHROMOSOME TYPE	77
5.2. CHROMOSOME NUMBER	83
5.3. KARYOTYPE	85
6. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. By M. TAMURA	89
6.1. GEOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FAMILY	89
6.2. DISTRIBUTION IN THE NORTHERN EXTRATROPICAL ZONE	92
6.3. DISTRIBUTION IN THE TROPICAL AND SOUTHERN EXTRATROPICAL ZONES	94
REFERENCES TO CHAPTERS 1–6	97
7. EMBRYOLOGY. By H. TOBE	106
7.1. INTRODUCTION	106
7.2. ANTHER-WALL FORMATION, MICROSPOROGENESIS AND MICROGAMETOGENESIS	106
7.3. DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGUMENTS AND OVULAR ORIENTATION	108
7.4. OBTURATOR	110
7.5. DEVELOPMENT OF NUCELLUS AND MEGAGAMETOPHYTE	110
7.6. ANTIPODAL CELLS	112
7.7. FERTILIZATION, AND DEVELOPMENT OF EMBRYO AND ENDOSPERM	113
7.8. DEVELOPMENT OF SEED AND SEED COAT	115
7.9. ULTRASTRUCTURE	116
7.10. DISCUSSION	116
7.11. APPENDIX: GENERA INVESTIGATED AND SELECTED REFERENCES	121
7.12. REFERENCES	121
8. POLLEN MORPHOLOGY. By JOAN W. NOWICKE & J. J. SKVARLA	129
8.1. INTRODUCTION AND POLLEN LITERATURE REVIEW	129
General pollen morphology	136
Apertures	136
Tectal variation	136
Exine structure	137
8.2. DESCRIPTIONS OF POLLEN IN THE TRIBES	138
Subfam. I. Helleboroideae	138
Tribe 1. Helleboreae	138
Subtribe 1.a. Calthinae	138
Subtribe 1.b. Beesiinae	138
Subtribe 1.c. Helleborinae	138
Tribe 2. Cimicifugeae	139
Tribe 3. Nigelleae	142
Tribe 4. Delphinieae	142
Subfam. II. Ranunculoideae	142
Tribe 5. Adonideae	142
Tribe 6. Anemoneae	144
Tribe 7. Ranunculeae	145
Subfam. III. Isopyroideae	153
Tribe 8. Isopyreae	153
Tribe 9. Coptideae	153
Subfam. IV. Thalictroideae	153
Tribe 10. Thalictreae	153
Subfam. V. Hydrastidoideae	156
Tribe 11. Hydrastideae	156
8.3. DISCUSSION	156
SUMMARY	157
8.4. REFERENCES	157
9. POLLINATION BIOLOGY. By O. PELLMYR	160
9.1. INTRODUCTION	160
9.2. POLLINATORS REWARDS	162
9.3. POLLINATOR ATTRACTANTS	164
9.4. REVIEW OF CASE HISTORIES BY GENUS	165
Aconitum	165
Actaea	166
Anemone	167
Anemonopsis	167
Aquilegia	168
Caltha	170
Cimicifuga	170
Clematis	172
Coptis	172
Delphinium	172
Helleborus	174
Hepatica	175
Isopyrum s.l.	175
Pulsatilla	176
Ranunculus	176
Ranunculus subgen. Batrachium	177
Thalictrum	177
Trollius	178
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS	179
9.5. REFERENCES	179
10. VERGLEICHENDE PHYTOCHEMIE UND CHEMOTAXONOMIE. Von R. HEGNAUER	185
10.1. ALKALOIDE	185
10.1.1. Benzyltetrahydroisochinolinalkaloide und davon abgeleitete Basen (Kurzbezeichnung: Benzylisochinolinalkaloide)	185
10.1.2. Diterpenalkaloide	186
10.1.3. Verschiedene Alkaloid-Typen	189
10.2. RANUNCULIN UND VERWANDTE GLUCOSIDE	190
10.3. TRITERPENE UND TRITERPENGLYKOSIDE (SAPONINE)	193
10.4. VERSCHIEDENE STEROIDE	195
10.5. ZIMTSÄUREN UND FLAVONOIDE VERBINDUNGEN	195
10.6. REIN ACETOGENE PHENOLE	198
10.7. CYANHYDRINE, CYANIDE, NITROVERBINDUNGEN UND AMIDE	198
10.8. ORGANISCHE SÄUREN	201
10.9. RESERVESTOFFE	202
10.9.1. Vegetative Organe	202
10.9.2. Samen	202
10.10. CHEMOTAXONOMIE	203
10.11. LITERATUR [MIT ANMERKUNGEN]	206
11. NUTZPFLANZEN. Von R. HEGNAUER	211
11.1. ZIERPFLANZEN	211
11.2. GIFTPFLANZEN	211
11.3. ARZNEIPFLANZEN	212
11.4. NAHRUNGSPFLANZEN	214
11.5. FARBSTOFFPFLANZEN	215
11.6. LITERATUR [MIT ANMERKUNGEN]	215
II. SYSTEMATIC PART	221
M. TAMURA: SYSTEMATIC PART	223
Ranunculaceae	223
System of the Ranunculaceae	225
Key to genera	228
Subfam. I. Helleboroideae	231
Trib. 1. Helleboreae	232
Subtrib. 1a. Calthinae	232
1. Caltha	233
1.1. Caltha sect. Caltha	235
1.1.1. Caltha subsect. Caltha	235
1.1.2. Caltha subsect. Natantes	235
1.2. Caltha sect. Psychrophila	236
2. Calathodes	236
3. Trollius	238
3.1. Trollius sect. Trollius	240
3.1.1. Trollius subsect. Trollius	241
3.1.1.1. Trollius ser. Pumili	241
3.1.1.2. Trollius ser. Trollius	242
3.1.1.3. Trollius ser. Macropetali	242
3.1.2. Trollius subsect. Laxi	242
3.1.3. Trollius subsect. Acaules	243
3.1.4. Trollius subsect. Afghanici	243
3.2. Trollius sect. Hegemone	243
4. Megaleranthis	244
Subtrib. 1 b. Beesiinae	246
5. Beesia	246
Subtrib. 1c. Helleborinae	248
6. Helleborus	248
6.1. Helleborus sect. Helleborastrum	250
6.2. Helleborus sect. Dicarpon	250
6.3. Helleborus sect. Helleborus	252
6.4. Helleborus sect. Griphopus	252
6.5. Helleborus sect. Chenopus	252
6.6. Helleborus sect. Syncarpus	253
7. Eranthis	253
7.1. Eranthis sect. Eranthis	254
7.2. Eranthis sect. Shibateranthis	254
Trib. 2. Cimicifugeae	256
8. Anemonopsis	257
9. Souliea	257
10. Cimicifuga	259
10.1. Cimicifuga sect. Cimicifuga	261
10.2. Cimicifuga sect. Pityrosperma	263
10.3. Cimicifuga sect. Oligocarpa	263
10.4. Cimicifuga sect. Macrotys	263
11. Actaea	264
Trib. 3. Nigelleae	266
12. Komaroffia	267
13. Nigella	267
13.1. Nigella subgen. Nigellastrum	268
13.2. Nigella subgen. Nigella	270
13.2.1. Nigella sect. Nigella	270
13.2.2. Nigella sect. Git	270
13.2.3. Nigella sect. Erobatos	270
14. Garidella	272
Trib. 4. Delphinieae	272
15. Aconitum	274
15.1. Aconitum subgen. Lycoctonum	278
15.1.1. Aconitum sect. Alatospermum	279
15.1.2. Aconitum sect. Galeata	279
15.1.3. Aconitum sect. Fletcherum	280
15.1.4. Aconitum sect. Lycoctonum	280
15.1.4.1. Aconitum ser. Micrantha	280
15.1.4.2. Aconitum ser. Scaposa	281
15.1.4.3. Aconitum ser. Laevia	281
15.1.4.4. Aconitum ser. Reclinata	281
15.1.4.5. Aconitum ser. Volubilia	283
15.1.4.6. Aconitum ser. Longibracteolata	283
15.1.4.7. Aconitum ser. Ranunculoidea	283
15.1.4.8. Aconitum ser. Lycoctonia	284
15.1.4.9. Aconitum ser. Longicassidata	284
15.2. Aconitum subgen. Aconitum	285
15.2.1. Aconitum sect. Sinaconitum	286
15.2.2. Aconitum sect. Napellus	287
15.2.3. Aconitum sect. Catenata	287
15.2.4. Aconitum sect. Austrokoreensia	289
15.2.5. Aconitum sect. Aconitum	289
15.3. Aconitum subgen. Gymnaconitum	291
16. Delphinium	291
16.1. Delphinium subgen. Delphinastrum	295
16.1.1. Delphinium sect. Elatopsis	295
16.1.1.1. Delphinium subsect. Aconitoides	295
16.1.1.2. Delphinium subsect. Metaconitoides	297
16.1.1.3. Delphinium subsect. Elata	298
16.1.1.3.1. Delphinium ser. Elata	298
16.1.1.3.2. Delphinium ser. Latibracteata	299
16.1.2. Delphinium sect. Delphinastrum	299
16.1.2.1. Delphinium subsect. Pogonantha	300
16.1.2.1.1. Delphinium ser. Pachycentra	300
16.1.2.1.2. Delphinium ser. Pogonantha	301
16.1.2.1.3. Delphinium ser. Caerulea	301
16.1.2.1.4. Delphinium ser. Squamata	302
16.1.2.2. Delphinium subsect. Macrocentra	302
16.1.2.3. Delphinium subsect. Subscaposa	302
16.1.2.3.1. Delphinium ser. Pelligerae	303
16.1.2.3.2. Delphinium ser. Echinata	303
16.1.2.4. Delphinium subsect. Wislizenana	303
16.1.2.4.1. Delphinium ser. Wislizenana	303
16.1.2.4.2. Delphinium ser. Bicornuta	304
16.1.3. Delphinium sect. Oligophyllon	304
16.1.4. Delphinium sect. Grumosa	305
16.2. Delphinium subgen. Staphisagria	305
16.3. Delphinium subgen. Delphinium	306
16.3.1. Delphinium sect. Anthriscifolium	306
16.3.2. Delphinium sect. Delphinium	306
16.3.2.1. Delphinium ser. Delphinium	307
16.3.2.2. Delphinium ser. Balansae	307
16.3.2.3. Delphinium ser. Halterata	307
16.3.2.4. Delphinium ser. Macropetala	307
17. Consolida	307
17.1. Consolida sect. Consolida	309
17.1.1. Consolida subsect. Brevipedunculatae	309
17.1.2. Consolida subsect. Consolida	309
17.1.2.1. Consolida ser. Consolida	309
17.1.2.2. Consolida ser. Pubescentes	311
17.1.3. Consolida subsect. Macrocarpae	311
17.1.4. Consolida subsect. Longibracteolatae	311
17.1.5. Consolida subsect. Parviflorae	311
17.2. Consolida sect. Aconitella	312
Subfam. II. Ranunculoideae	312
Trib. 5. Adonideae	314
18. Callianthemum	314
19. Adonis	316
19.1. Adonis sect. Consiligo	318
19.1.1. Adonis subsect. Pyrenaicae	318
19.1.2. Adonis subsect. Vernales	318
19.2. Adonis sect. Adonis	320
Trib. 6. Anemoneae	320
Subtrib. 6a. Kingdoniinae	320
20. Kingdonia	321
21. Anemone	324
21.1. Anemone subgen. Rivularidium	328
21.1.1. Anemone sect. Rivularidium	329
21.1.1.1. Anemone ser. Rivulares	329
21.1.1.2. Anemone ser. Helleborifoliae	331
21.1.2. Anemone sect. Crassifolia	331
21.1.3. Anemone sect. Richardsonia	332
21.2. Anemone subgen. Hepaticifolia	332
21.3. Anemone subgen. Rigida	332
21.4. Anemone subgen. Anemonidium	333
21.5. Anemone subgen. Omalocarpus	334
21.5.1. Anemone sect. Begoniifolia	335
21.5.2. Anemone sect. Himalayica	335
21.5.3. Anemone sect. Omalocarpus	336
21.6. Anemone subgen. Anemonanthea	337
21.6.1. Anemone sect. Anemonanthea	338
21.6.1.1. Anemone ser. Hylalectryon	338
21.6.1.2. Anemone ser. Reflexae	339
21.6.2. Anemone sect. Tuberosa	339
21.6.3. Anemone sect. Keiskea	341
21.6.4. Anemone sect. Stolonifera	341
21.7. Anemone subgen. Anemoclema	342
21.8. Anemone subgen. Pulsatilloides	342
21.8.1. Anemone sect. Pulsatilloides	343
21.8.2. Anemone sect. Alchimillifolia	343
21.8.3. Anemone sect. Kilimandscharica	343
21.9. Anemone subgen. Anemone	344
21.9.1. Anemone sect. Eriocapitella	344
21.9.2. Anemone sect. Eriocephalus	345
21.9.2.1. Anemone subsect. Brevistylae	346
21.9.2.1.1. Anemone ser. Rupicolae	346
21.9.2.1.2. Anemone ser. Virginianae	346
21.9.2.2. Anemone subsect. Longistylae	347
21.9.2.3. Anemone subsect. Parviflorae	347
21.9.3. Anemone sect. Anemone	347
21.9.3.1. Anemone subsect. Anemone	348
21.9.3.2. Anemone subsect. Carolinianae	348
22. Hepatica	349
23. Metanemone	351
24. Barneoudia	351
25. Oreithales	352
26. Knowltonia	354
27. Pulsatilla	356
27.1. Pulsatilla subgen. Pulsatilla	359
27.1.1. Pulsatilla sect. Preonanthus	359
27.1.2. Pulsatilla sect. Preonanthopsis	360
27.1.3. Pulsatilla sect. Pulsatilla	360
27.1.3.1. Pulsatilla subsect. Kostyczewianae	360
27.1.3.2. Pulsatilla subsect. Pulsatilla	361
27.1.3.2.1. Pulsatilla ser. Patentes	361
27.1.3.2.2. Pulsatilla ser. Tatewakianae	361
27.1.3.2.3. Pulsatilla ser. Chinenses	362
27.1.3.2.4. Pulsatilla ser. Vernales	362
27.1.3.2.5. Pulsatilla ser. Cernuae	362
27.1.3.2.6. Pulsatilla ser. Pratenses	363
27.1.3.2.7. Pulsatilla ser. Pulsatilla	363
27.1.3.2.8. Pulsatilla ser. Albanae	363
27.2. Pulsatilla subgen. Miyakea	365
Subtrib. 6c. Clematidinae	366
28. Archiclematis	366
29. Clematis	368
29.1. Clematis subgen. Campanella	371
29.1.1. Clematis sect. Campanella	372
29.1.2. Clematis sect. Tubulosa	372
29.1.3. Clematis sect. Bebaeanthera	373
29.1.4. Clematis sect. Atragene	373
29.1.5. Clematis sect. Meclatis	375
29.1.6. Clematis sect. Pseudanemone	376
29.2. Clematis subgen. Viorna	376
29.3. Clematis subgen. Clematis	377
29.3.1. Clematis sect. Clematis	378
29.3.2. Clematis sect. Cheiropsis	379
29.3.3. Clematis sect. Naraveliopsis	380
29.3.4. Clematis sect. Aspidanthera	380
29.3.5. Clematis sect. Lasiantha	381
29.4. Clematis subgen. Flammula	381
29.4.1. Clematis sect. Flammula	382
29.4.1.1. Clematis subsect. Crassifoliae	382
29.4.1.2. Clematis subsect. Rectae	382
29.4.1.2.1. Clematis ser. Rectae	383
29.4.1.2.2. Clematis ser. Uncinatae	383
29.4.2. Clematis sect. Angustifolia	383
29.4.3. Clematis sect. Fruticella	384
29.4.4. Clematis sect. Viticella	384
29.4.4.1. Clematis subsect. Floridae	385
29.4.4.2. Clematis subsect. Patentes	385
29.4.5. Clematis sect. Pterocarpa	385
30. Naravelia	387
Trib. 7. Ranunculeae	389
Subtrib. 7a. Trautvetteriinae	390
31. Trautvetteria	390
Subtrib. 7b. Myosurinae	391
32. Myosurus	393
Subtrib. 7c. Ranunculinae	395
33. Kumlienia	397
34. Arcteranthis	398
35. Halerpestes	400
36. Oxygraphis	402
37. Peltocalathos	403
38. Callianthemoides	405
39. Cyrtorhyncha	405
40. Paroxygraphis	408
41. Hamadryas	410
42. Aphanostemma	410
43. Ranunculus	412
43.1. Ranunculus subgen. Coptidium	416
43.2. Ranunculus subgen. Pallasiantha	417
43.3. Ranunculus subgen. Ficaria	417
43.4. Ranunculus subgen. Batrachium	419
43.5. Ranunculus subgen. Crymodes	420
43.6. Ranunculus subgen. Ranunculus	420
43.6.1. Ranunculus sect. Ranunculus	422
43.6.2. Ranunculus sect. Flammula	423
43.6.3. Ranunculus sect. Hecatonia	423
43.6.4. Ranunculus sect. Xanthobatrachium	424
43.6.5. Ranunculus sect. Thora	426
43.6.6. Ranunculus sect. Aconitifolii	426
43.6.7. Ranunculus sect. Ranuncella	426
43.6.8. Ranunculus sect. Leucoranunculus	427
43.6.9. Ranunculus sect. Physophyllum	427
43.6.10. Ranunculus sect. Acetosellifolii	428
43.6.11. Ranunculus sect. Chloeranunculus	428
43.6.12. Ranunculus sect. Ficariifolius	428
43.6.13. Ranunculus sect. Casalea	429
43.6.14. Ranunculus sect. Tuberifer	429
43.6.15. Ranunculus sect. Pseudadonis	430
43.6.16. Ranunculus sect. Acris	430
43.6.17. Ranunculus sect. Echinella	431
43.6.18. Ranunculus sect. Micranthus	431
43.6.19. Ranunculus sect. Leptocaules	432
43.6.20. Ranunculus sect. Ranunculastrum	432
43.7. Ranunculus subgen. Gampsoceras	435
44. Ceratocephala	435
45. Krapfia	436
45.1. Krapfia sect. Krapfia	437
45.2. Krapfia sect. Pteropelma	437
45.3. Krapfia sect. Aspidophyllum	439
46. Laccopetalum	439
Subfam. III. Isopyroideae	441
Trib. 8. Coptideae	442
Subtrib. 8a. Asteropyrinae	443
47. Asteropyrum	443
Subtrib. 8b. Coptidinae	444
48. Coptis	444
48.1. Coptis subgen. Metacoptis	447
48.1.1. Coptis sect. Japonocoptis	447
48.1.2. Coptis sect. Chrysocoptis	447
48.2. Coptis subgen. Coptis	449
49. Xanthorhiza	449
Trib. 9. Isopyreae	451
Subtrib. 9a. Isopyrinae	452
50. Enemion	452
50.1. Enemion sect. Enemion	453
50.2. Enemion sect. Umbellata	454
51. Isopyrum	454
51.1. Isopyrum sect. Isopyrum	456
51.2. Isopyrum sect. Manshuria	457
51.3. Isopyrum sect. Paropyrum	457
51.4. Isopyrum sect. Alexeya	457
52. Leptopyrum	459
53. Paraquilegia	459
Subtrib. 9b. Aquilegiinae	460
54. Semiaquilegia	462
55. Urophysa	464
56. Aquilegia	464
Subtrib. 9c. Dichocarpinae	466
57. Dichocarpum	468
57.1. Dichocarpum sect. Dichocarpum	469
57.1.1. Dichocarpum subsect. Dichocarpum	469
57.1.2. Dichocarpum subsect. Dalzielia	470
57.2. Dichocarpum sect. Fargesia	470
57.3. Dichocarpum sect. Hutchinsonia	470
57.3.1. Dichocarpum subsect. Hutchinsonia	472
57.3.1.1. Dichocarpum ser. Numajiriana	472
57.3.1.2. Dichocarpum ser. Nipponica	472
57.3.2. Dichocarpum subsect. Trachysperma	473
Subfam. IV. Thalictroideae	473
Trib. 10. Thalictreae	473
58. Thalictrum	474
58.1. Thalictrum subgen. Thalictrum	477
58.1.1. Thalictrum sect. Camptonotum	477
58.1.1.1. Thalictrum subsect. Indivisa	478
58.1.1.2. Thalictrum subsect. Saniculiformia	479
58.1.1.3. Thalictrum subsect. Rutifolia	479
58.1.1.4. Thalictrum subsect. Grumosa	479
58.1.1.5. Thalictrum subsect. Violacea	481
58.1.1.6. Thalictrum subsect. Purpurea	481
58.1.2. Thalictrum sect. Erythrandra	482
58.1.2.1. Thalictrum subsect. Actaeifolia	482
58.1.2.2. Thalictrum subsect. Baicalensia	482
58.1.2.3. Thalictrum subsect. Petaloidea	483
58.1.3. Thalictrum sect. Thalictrum	483
58.1.3.1. Thalictrum subsect. Thalictrum	484
58.1.3.2. Thalictrum subsect. Alpina	484
58.1.3.3. Thalictrum subsect. Squamifera	484
58.1.4. Thalictrum sect. Platycarpa	485
58.1.5. Thalictrum sect. Dipterium	485
58.1.6. Thalictrum sect. Anemonella	486
58.1.7. Thalictrum sect. Physocarpum	486
58.1.8. Thalictrum sect. Omalophysa	487
58.1.9. Thalictrum sect. Tripterium	487
58.2. Thalictrum subgen. Lecoyerium	488
58.2.1. Thalictrum sect. Macrogynes	490
58.2.2. Thalictrum sect. Camptogastrum	490
58.2.2.1. Thalictrum subsect. Simplicia	491
58.2.2.2. Thalictrum subsect. Venturiana	491
58.2.2.3. Thalictrum subsect. Gibbosa	491
58.2.3. Thalictrum sect. Pelteria	491
58.2.3.1. Thalictrum subsect. Subpeltata	492
58.2.3.2. Thalictrum subsect. Eupeltata	492
58.2.4. Thalictrum sect. Heterogamia	492
58.2.4.1. Thalictrum subsect. Dioica	492
58.2.4.2. Thalictrum subsect. Debilia	493
58.2.4.3. Thalictrum subsect. Sinuosa	493
58.2.4.4. Thalictrum subsect. Clavocarpa	493
58.2.4.5. Thalictrum subsect. Incurvata	493
58.2.4.6. Thalictrum subsect. Compressa	493
58.2.4.7. Thalictrum subsect. Laminaria	493
58.2.5. Thalictrum sect. Leucocoma	494
Subfam. V. Hydrastidoideae	495
Trib. 11. Hydrastideae	495
59. Hydrastis	496
REFERENCES	498
INDEX OF PLANT NAMES	520
INDEX OF PLANT CONSTITUENTS	551

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Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigsten Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen

Unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher hervorragender Fachgelehrter begr. von A. Engler / K. Prantl. Bd. 17a IV: ANGIOSPERMAE: Ordnung Ranunculales, Fam. Ranunculaceae

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